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Death is Inevitable but Aging is Not
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SKIN
Hyaluronic Acid
- Benefits ALL skin type. What it does: molecules that can hold up to a thousand times it's weight in water so it offers immediate hydration.
- Read More: https://wlcollins.weebly.com/natural-solutions-related-to-biological-problems.html
Niacinamide (vitamin B3 - water-soluable)
What it does: balances un-even skin tone. Smoothes fine lines and wrinkles. Strengthens barrier function to help prevent TEWL.
Tocopheryl (Vitamin E)
Benefits All skin type: BUT very sensitive & acne prone.
What it does: it's an antioxidant, so it fights free radicals. It's an oil-soluable & therefore penetrates deeper into the skins layers.
Fights inflammation & dryness. Nourishes the skin.
Repairs damage & photodamage skin resulting in collagen regeneration.
Ascorbic Acid (Vitamin C)
Benefits ALL skin type:
What it does: fights against free-radicals. Lightens & brightens the skin. Boosts collagen production.
Tretinoin / Retinol (vitamin A)
Benefits All skin type:
What it does: as a retinoid (prescription) it contains smaller molecules that penetrate the surface of the skins layers& will treat the dermal* layer.
**clears acne, smoothes fine lines & wrinkles by building up the layers of the skin.
**promotes cell turnover & exfoliation. Skin brightened.
- Benefits ALL skin type. What it does: molecules that can hold up to a thousand times it's weight in water so it offers immediate hydration.
- Read More: https://wlcollins.weebly.com/natural-solutions-related-to-biological-problems.html
Niacinamide (vitamin B3 - water-soluable)
What it does: balances un-even skin tone. Smoothes fine lines and wrinkles. Strengthens barrier function to help prevent TEWL.
Tocopheryl (Vitamin E)
Benefits All skin type: BUT very sensitive & acne prone.
What it does: it's an antioxidant, so it fights free radicals. It's an oil-soluable & therefore penetrates deeper into the skins layers.
Fights inflammation & dryness. Nourishes the skin.
Repairs damage & photodamage skin resulting in collagen regeneration.
Ascorbic Acid (Vitamin C)
Benefits ALL skin type:
What it does: fights against free-radicals. Lightens & brightens the skin. Boosts collagen production.
Tretinoin / Retinol (vitamin A)
Benefits All skin type:
What it does: as a retinoid (prescription) it contains smaller molecules that penetrate the surface of the skins layers& will treat the dermal* layer.
**clears acne, smoothes fine lines & wrinkles by building up the layers of the skin.
**promotes cell turnover & exfoliation. Skin brightened.
Immunosenescence and infectious diseases
Ginaldi, L., M. F. Loreto, M. P. Corsi, M. Modesti, M. De Martinis. 2001. Microbes Infect. 3: 851–857.
Because children and elderly adults are the most vulnerable to infectious diseases, the development of future mucosal vaccine should take into account the unique immunologic signatures that may occur in these populations.
The changes in humoral immunity due to aging include: increase in the level of serum immunoglobulins (particularly IgA and IgG, except IgG4 subclass); decrease in the number of total B lymphocytes; decrease in organ-specific autoantibodies; increase in non-organ-specific autoantibodies and decrease in high-affinity protective antibody response.
The changes in innate immunity due to aging include: increase in NK cells; decrease in NK cell function; functional alterations in neutrophils; organ-specific defects in macrophages; decrease in macrophages required to optimal T-cell response and increase in production of proinflammatory cytokines by mononuclear cells.
In the elderly, increased levels of serum immunoglobulins are observed 〚17〛; particularly, IgG and IgA serum levels show a significant increase; in healthy old people and centenarians, these two antibodies may confer greater protection against viral and bacterial infections. Interestingly, very few IgG subclass defects were found in elderly subjects, except for IgG4 deficiency 〚20〛. In fact, among IgG subclasses, IgG1, IgG2 and IgG3 are most significantly augmented, whereas IgM is not increased 〚20〛. IgG1 and IgG3 are mainly involved in the humoral responses to viral and bacterial antigens. IgG2 and IgM are involved in responses to polysaccharides (mainly outer wall antigens of capsulated bacteria), and IgG4 and IgE are mostly related to parasite antigens, also being the ˈmemoryˈ isotype in conditions of chronic high-dose exposure.
In elderly subjects a decreased number of total B lymphocytes and B cells coexpressing the CD5 molecule was found despite the observed hypergammaglobulinemia 〚21〛. These findings also apply to centenarians, who are the best example of successful aging, since they have escaped major age-related diseases and have reached the extreme limit of human life.
Many trials based on the experimental supplementation of diet in elderly subjects with one or more nutrients and vitamins have demonstrated an improvement in many immunological parameters: either in cellular immunity, such as the increase in DTH, increase in the number of helper T cells, T-cell proliferation 〚20〛, 〚29〛, 〚30〛, or in humoral immunity 〚29〛, 〚31〛. Thus, achievement of optimal nutritional status in elderly subjects, often susceptible to malnutrition, could be a useful tool to improve immune response to vaccination.
Another type of manipulation, which seems very successful in improving the immune function of aged rodents, is hormone replacement or supplementation 〚20〛. Melatonin supplementation has been utilized by the general public in an uncontrolled fashion with dubious and unproven benefits. The antioxidant effects of some of these products (vitamins and melatonin) which help to restore cell redox balance might be responsible for, or contribute to, the benefits observed in some experimental models and trials 〚20〛, 〚32〛.
The changes in humoral immunity due to aging include: increase in the level of serum immunoglobulins (particularly IgA and IgG, except IgG4 subclass); decrease in the number of total B lymphocytes; decrease in organ-specific autoantibodies; increase in non-organ-specific autoantibodies and decrease in high-affinity protective antibody response.
The changes in innate immunity due to aging include: increase in NK cells; decrease in NK cell function; functional alterations in neutrophils; organ-specific defects in macrophages; decrease in macrophages required to optimal T-cell response and increase in production of proinflammatory cytokines by mononuclear cells.
In the elderly, increased levels of serum immunoglobulins are observed 〚17〛; particularly, IgG and IgA serum levels show a significant increase; in healthy old people and centenarians, these two antibodies may confer greater protection against viral and bacterial infections. Interestingly, very few IgG subclass defects were found in elderly subjects, except for IgG4 deficiency 〚20〛. In fact, among IgG subclasses, IgG1, IgG2 and IgG3 are most significantly augmented, whereas IgM is not increased 〚20〛. IgG1 and IgG3 are mainly involved in the humoral responses to viral and bacterial antigens. IgG2 and IgM are involved in responses to polysaccharides (mainly outer wall antigens of capsulated bacteria), and IgG4 and IgE are mostly related to parasite antigens, also being the ˈmemoryˈ isotype in conditions of chronic high-dose exposure.
In elderly subjects a decreased number of total B lymphocytes and B cells coexpressing the CD5 molecule was found despite the observed hypergammaglobulinemia 〚21〛. These findings also apply to centenarians, who are the best example of successful aging, since they have escaped major age-related diseases and have reached the extreme limit of human life.
Many trials based on the experimental supplementation of diet in elderly subjects with one or more nutrients and vitamins have demonstrated an improvement in many immunological parameters: either in cellular immunity, such as the increase in DTH, increase in the number of helper T cells, T-cell proliferation 〚20〛, 〚29〛, 〚30〛, or in humoral immunity 〚29〛, 〚31〛. Thus, achievement of optimal nutritional status in elderly subjects, often susceptible to malnutrition, could be a useful tool to improve immune response to vaccination.
Another type of manipulation, which seems very successful in improving the immune function of aged rodents, is hormone replacement or supplementation 〚20〛. Melatonin supplementation has been utilized by the general public in an uncontrolled fashion with dubious and unproven benefits. The antioxidant effects of some of these products (vitamins and melatonin) which help to restore cell redox balance might be responsible for, or contribute to, the benefits observed in some experimental models and trials 〚20〛, 〚32〛.
ADDITIONAL READINGS:
Immunosenescence of ageing AL Gruver, LL Hudson… - The Journal of Pathology …, 2007 - Wiley Online Library
… We conclude with the clinical implications of age‐associated immunosenescence to vaccine development for tumours and infectious disease … infected cells (NK cells) and releasing cytokines and chemokines to recruit additional cells to fight the infection and alter host … Immunosenescence: implications for response to infection and vaccination in older peopleA Pera, C Campos, N López, F Hassouneh, C Alonso… - Maturitas, 2015 - Elsevier … It has been observed that during acute CMV infection an expansion of NKG2C+ NK cells … and consequently contributes to the increased susceptibility of the elderly to infectious diseases. Immunosenescence is also associated to decreased response to vaccination in the elderly … |
[Mucosal immunosenescence: new developments and vaccines to control infectious diseasesK Fujihashi, H Kiyono - Trends in immunology, 2009 - Elsevier
Infection of the aero-digestive tract represents a major disease burden of the elderly, and despite recent advances in our understanding of the mucosal immune system, its immunosenescence remains poorly defined. Age-associated alterations of the intestinal and … ADDITIONAL READINGS: |
Neil Riordan, PA, PhD - Stem Cell Institute Panama - Stem ...https://www.cellmedicine.com/about-stem-cell-institute-panama/neil-riordan-pa-phd/
About Neil H. Riordan, PA, PhD Neil Riordan, PA, PhD is one of the early pioneers and experts in applied stem cell research. Dr. Riordan founded publicly traded company Medistem Laboratories (later Medistem Inc.) which was acquired by Intrexon in 2013. He is the founder and chairman of Medistem Panama, Inc., a leading stem cell |
Aubrey David Nicholas Jasper de Grey is an English author and biomedical gerontologist. He is the Chief Science Officer of the SENS Research Foundation and VP of New Technology Discovery at AgeX Therapeutics, Inc.
Dr. Paul Schmaltz, retired veterinarian and Lynn Schmaltz discuss the how plasma energy, shungite, silver gans and magnets balance conditions caused by glyphosate, 5G and Wifi. Be sure to see the many videos, transcripts, blogs, FAQs, testimonials on our website https://plasmaenergysolution.com.
. You are the one responsible for your health in using Never Ending Plasma Energy water and products. The views of others and suggestions are not intended to be a substitute for conventional medical assistance. If you have any severe medical conditions you need to speak with the physician of your own choice. We are not medical doctors; we are plasma energy scientists. We do not claim to cure diseases but simply to help you make physical and mental changes in order to help change conditions in your body. Plasma Energy Solution Association is a private membership association and a subsidiary association of Jump4Joy Ministry MZ0000-140559-120019, a private membership association under Grantor Trust 983142-341348-041035. The only membership requirement of purchaser is to use, enjoy and benefit from the Never-Ending Plasma Energy Solution Products and share wi |
Here is the complete description of the 102 Advanced Nutritional Medicine – Nutritional Medicine in Neurology
- Nutritional Medicine and the Nervous System Part 1: Brain Development, ADHD and Neurodegenerative Disease (Alzheimer’s disease, Dementia, Parkinson’s disease, Multiple Sclerosis, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis)
- Nutritional Medicine and the Nervous System Part 2: Neuropathies, Concussion, Nervous System Toxicity, Autism
- Nutritional Medicine and Mental Health Disorders
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Is it possible to reverse aging? | The science of how to look younger in 5 days Is it possible to reverse aging? | The science of how to look younger in 5 days By uncovering the genetic secrets of humans and animals that live unusually long lives, scientists are finding extraordinary ways to wind back our cellular clocks fast. Anja Taylor investigates one of these methods achieving extraordinary results in just five days. Food Source: |
Eukaryotic cells do not use the energy from oxidation reactions as soon as it is released. Instead, they convert it into small, energy-rich molecules such as ATP and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH), which can be used throughout the cell to power metabolism and construct new cellular components.
Since the 19th century, researchers were aware that NAD+ was the linchpin of energy metabolism, among other roles, and it declines steadily with age as implicated in mitochondrial deterioration. By adding a supplement to the drinking water of OLDER MICE, it allowed the female mice to reproduce longer - reversing the damage in ovaries. The ovaries produce and release eggs (oocytes) into the female reproductive tract at the mid-point of each menstrual cycle. They also produce the female hormones Estrogen/oestrogen and progesterone. The study continues in human trails after this discovery in 55 year old women. NAD+, or nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, is a molecule that helps your body metabolize foods, create energy, and produce and repair cells. No human clinical results on the supplements have been published. |
Flax; Linseed Linum usitatissimum (Linaceae)
NICOTINAMIDE Seed -- 38.0 PPM Soybean (organic) Glycine max (Fabaceae) ADENINE Seed -- 210.0 to 500.0 PPM Green Gram; Mungbean Vigna radiata (Fabaceae) FLAVADENINE-DINUCLEOTIDE Sprout Seedling - trace amounts |
Mitochondria, using oxygen available within the cell convert chemical energy from food in the cell to energy in a form usable to the host cell. The process is called oxidative phosphorylation and it happens inside mitochondria but it also waste energy, up to 20% of all the energy from the food you eat is burnt in generators Villa mitochondria but the electricity is wasted, it just fizzes across the membrane.
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You give rats Alpha-Lipoic Acid or Astro l-carnitine and suddenly their mitochondria operated nearly 100% efficiency.
That has an impact on the way rats run mazes, it has an impact on how they remember, it has an impact on their healing capacity.
What about a medicine which does this, what about a medicine which you could take every day for a month and would lower your blood pressure to normal
and give you a total body lift at the same time? Imagine walking down the street you don't know whether a woman is 19 or 90.
Actually it's in clinical trials and the company is called Altion but don't buy the shares why because it only works in mice and rats, they get a total body lift.
What it does is it restores the elastin in the skin, it dissolves out the the carbohydrate the sugars which map together elastin fibers as we get older, it dissolves them into the bloodstream where they get eaten up as fuel as a result not only the blood vessels start to stretch in the normal way but so does the skin.
That has an impact on the way rats run mazes, it has an impact on how they remember, it has an impact on their healing capacity.
What about a medicine which does this, what about a medicine which you could take every day for a month and would lower your blood pressure to normal
and give you a total body lift at the same time? Imagine walking down the street you don't know whether a woman is 19 or 90.
Actually it's in clinical trials and the company is called Altion but don't buy the shares why because it only works in mice and rats, they get a total body lift.
What it does is it restores the elastin in the skin, it dissolves out the the carbohydrate the sugars which map together elastin fibers as we get older, it dissolves them into the bloodstream where they get eaten up as fuel as a result not only the blood vessels start to stretch in the normal way but so does the skin.
Mitochondrial myopathy is a muscular disease characterized by muscular weakness due to dysfunctional mitochondria, the cells’ organelles responsible for converting energy present within food to energy used by the cells, known as ATP. In fact, mitochondria dysfunction is the most common underlying cause of hereditary metabolic syndromes, and in adults, mitochondrial myopathy is the most frequent type of mitochondria disorders. Currently, however, no treatment is available for these diseases.
In a new study entitled “Effective treatment of mitochondrial myopathy by nicotinamide riboside, a vitamin B3,” an international team of researchers show that a vitamin B3 form, nicotinamide riboside, is an effective treatment against mitochondrial myopathy in adults, delaying disease progression. The study was published in the journal Embo Molecular Medicine.
Read More: http://mitochondrialdiseasenews.com/2015/03/17/vitamin-b3-found-to-rescue-mitochondria-defects-in-adults-with-mitochondrial-myopathy/
In a new study entitled “Effective treatment of mitochondrial myopathy by nicotinamide riboside, a vitamin B3,” an international team of researchers show that a vitamin B3 form, nicotinamide riboside, is an effective treatment against mitochondrial myopathy in adults, delaying disease progression. The study was published in the journal Embo Molecular Medicine.
Read More: http://mitochondrialdiseasenews.com/2015/03/17/vitamin-b3-found-to-rescue-mitochondria-defects-in-adults-with-mitochondrial-myopathy/
The Cost of Aging
Written in 1994: "During the next forty years, the Japanese population is expected to go through a period of rapid aging. The share of those age 65 or older in our population is about 11 percent now, and the government expects it to double by the year 2010. Since most of these people will be retired, their living costs will have to be financed either by liquidating their private wealth or by private or public income transfers from the working generation."
Source:: http://www.nber.org/chapters/c8045.pdf
Written in 1994: "During the next forty years, the Japanese population is expected to go through a period of rapid aging. The share of those age 65 or older in our population is about 11 percent now, and the government expects it to double by the year 2010. Since most of these people will be retired, their living costs will have to be financed either by liquidating their private wealth or by private or public income transfers from the working generation."
Source:: http://www.nber.org/chapters/c8045.pdf
Ageing
The idea is not to live forever, but to match health span more closely with life span: improve the quality of life being lived. For more information: http://www.animalresearch.info/en/medical-advances/diseases-research/ageing/
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by R Moodie, T Sklar, S Biggs, R Kippen, L Remedios, D Virtue, E Curran, F Sanchez, A Pert, C Newton, C Pettit, J Barton, I McDonald, B Dow, D Martin
Search this course Side Navigation Bar Where do you see yourself 25 years from now, in the year 2040? 'Backcasting from the year 2040 - what do we need to do now to age well?'. Backcasting, in contrast to forecasting, begins by imagining a desirable future in 2040, then working backwards to identify what steps or actions are required to achieve that future. 1. Individual and population perspectives on ageing. 2. How ought we to live and act in order to age well and sustainably as individuals and together? 3. self-reflection. reflect on how you and the world are changing as people continue to live longer. Facebook Group, Education - https://vimeo.com/124484948 Other topics to expect in this module are led by Associate Professor Briony Dow where she brings together a series of questions to help us reflect on perceptions of age, re-envisaging older age, ageism, and intergenerational family relationships. Dr Dominique Martin joins us again to discuss how folk tales of ageing may reveal an ethics of ageing, in particular how common ethical challenges of ageing can be found in stories from across the world. Career Pathways in Ageing. https://vimeo.com/124484948 Assessment 1 'Country Selection and Analysis.' - Assessment 2 'International Classification of Functioning' Examples for private and public support for older people. - three categories of risk (financial, longevity, and health risks) that tend to make decision-making and planning for longer lifespans difficult. - to consider for your individual retirement plans as well as future policy implications. -When and why do older people move? -How can we design homes, health care facilities and cities that are more agile and flexible to adjust to our needs and preferences as we get older? Use the planning and design principles presented in this module to ask: What next and what if…? How we can expand current age-friendly design principles and use mapping with real data to make evidence-based projections about urban planning for a larger older population. There are many social, cultural, and financial issues to consider in optimally planning and designing for an older population now and in the future that will vary greatly across the 125 countries represented in this course. Network Members.’ There are many organisations that support this course and the Master of Ageing degree at The University of Melbourne. If interested, here is an opportunity for you to learn more about them. 'TED Talks on Fire.' Each member of our teaching team presents a different perspective on ageing that ranges from social policy, demography trends and projections, physiology, psychology and technology (that is just in modules one and two!). Module three is comprised of architects, designers and experts in spatial analysis that will show you how to map data. Module Four is entirely focused on economic issues related to having a larger older segment of the population and in module five, the teaching team's presentations conclude with a focus on the social, cultural, intergenerational and ethical topics in ageing. P.S. Special thanks to Wendy Collins (one of the students enrolled in this course) for being one of the first to share resources in the Facebook Group set up for this course! Also, thanks to Anna O'Halloran for curating our Twitter account and keeping #Rethinking Ageing active and growing! Mon 23 Mar 2015 12:47 AM EDT |
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Oh Canada
What will become of you in the year 2040 as your declining birth rate and increased aging population with an average life expectancy of 81 years old,[1] is coupled with having a shortage of labour and skilled trade workers; it's no wonder, manufacturing jobs are leaving and moving to younger populated countries. In order to plan for a sustainable future in Canada, we should be looking at ways to encourage the longevity of the working lives of older adults by changing labor laws, providing a safe work environment, monitoring health, and discouraging isolation, loneliness and exclusion from the labour market.
Shortly after World War II (1939-1945) the population of Canada was over 13 million people. Today, the population has tripled to over 50 million people; in the next twenty-five years, it is expected to increase less than 1% every 5 years until the year 2040.[2] This decline in population growth was not do to another war but partially a drop in fertility rates as more educated women delayed or avoided having children.[3]
In Canada there is a growing census that the older population, those 65 and older, are able to work longer as they are active and healthy. In addition, many prefer to work pass their retirement age due to financial reasons and because some really enjoy their work. Just last year Hazel McCallion, the Mayor of Mississauga, Ontario retired at the age of 93. By the year 2051, about one in four Canadians are expected to be 65 or over.[4] So it was no surprise that the Amendments to the Canadian Human Rights Act [5] and the Canada Labour Code [6] were updated in the year 2012 to prohibit federally regulated employers from setting a mandatory retirement age. The accepted age for retirement in Canada is 65, however one cannot be forced to retire at that age, it is their choice. In addition, the federal Old Age Security pension benefits was moved from 65 to 67 years of age.
Without retirees' participating in the labour workforce Canadians may not be able to afford the current standard of living they are custom to as the younger generation will have to bear the high taxes to support the increasing distribution of pensions while government-provided service like health care will have to be cut back at a time when it is needed most. The top five leading causes of Years lived with disability (YLDs) in Canada are low back pain, major depressive disorder, other musculoskeletal disorders, neck pain, and drug use disorders.
Workplaces can help by providing a safe work environment that reduces the chance of injury or occupational illness and implement health promotion initiatives (active living, healthy eating, stress awareness, violence prevention programs, etc.).[7]
Almost two-thirds of Canadian seniors are consuming five or more drugs a day and one-quarter take 10 or more.[9] This is alarming as long term use of many medications can cause the risk of developing other diseases, dependency and interact with other medications. As a clinical medical researcher I am always surprised to discover few seniors have no idea what their medication is for let alone the name of the drug they are taking. The health care system should put in place a strategy to promote the safe and appropriate use of drugs to manage chronic conditions effectively as family doctors and specialists don't always talk to each other regarding medications prescribed. Allowing drug dispensers more authority to manage and question doctors/specialists request may be one option.
Discouraging isolation and loneliness begins by the government supporting and partnering with existing senior organizations like CARP, a national, non-profit association committed to promoting social change to bring financial security, access to health care and freedom from discrimination. Public schools, high schools, Colleges and Universities can design projects and volunteer programs allowing the young to connect emotionally with the elderly thus teaching them how to care and be sensitive to others needs. After all, they are the future employers of tomorrow.
By implementing the above actions it is hoped that by the year 2040 the key elements of ageing which include being healthy (physically and mentally), feeling secure (emotionally, physically and financially), having autonomy to make an informed uncoerced decision and finally being happy which is the general sense people have of their good feelings and life satisfaction,[10] can be achieved.
by W. L. Collins
**********************************************************************
1. https://www.google.ca/search?q=canada+life+expectancy&stick=H4sIAAAAAAAAAGOovnz8BQMDgx0HjxKnfq6-QYqBmUG6ln52spV-Tn5yYklmfp5-cQmQLi7JTE7MiS9KTQcKWeVkpqXGp1YUpCaXJOYlVxbs4i5dK-Cj1rr1-KzZShedjCV49QFf2nV1WwAAAA&sa=X&ei=kGlFVZalF4uyyATf1IG4Dw&ved=0CJgBELcfMBA
2. http://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp/unpp/panel_population.htm
3..http://www.med.uottawa.ca/sim/data/Birth_Rates_e.htm
3.1fhttp://www.nber.org/chapters/c8045.pdf
4. http://www4.hrsdc.gc.ca/[email protected]?iid=33
5. http://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/acts/H-6/
6. http://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/acts/l-2/
7. http://www.ccohs.ca/oshanswers/psychosocial/aging_workers.html
8. http://www.un.org/en/development/desa/population/publications/pdf/ageing/WorldPopulationAgeing2013.p...(pg 36)
9. http://www.thespec.com/news-story/2211231-25-of-seniors-take-10-or-more-drugs/
10. https://class.coursera.org/ageing-001/lecture/27 Module five: Ageing well - Ageing well and the ethics of ageing, Dr Dominique Martin
**************************************************************************************8
Oh Canada
What will become of you in the year 2040 as your declining birth rate and increased aging population with an average life expectancy of 81 years old,[1] is coupled with having a shortage of labour and skilled trade workers; it's no wonder, manufacturing jobs are leaving and moving to younger populated countries. In order to plan for a sustainable future in Canada, we should be looking at ways to encourage the longevity of the working lives of older adults by changing labor laws, providing a safe work environment, monitoring health, and discouraging isolation, loneliness and exclusion from the labour market.
Shortly after World War II (1939-1945) the population of Canada was over 13 million people. Today, the population has tripled to over 50 million people; in the next twenty-five years, it is expected to increase less than 1% every 5 years until the year 2040.[2] This decline in population growth was not do to another war but partially a drop in fertility rates as more educated women delayed or avoided having children.[3]
In Canada there is a growing census that the older population, those 65 and older, are able to work longer as they are active and healthy. In addition, many prefer to work pass their retirement age due to financial reasons and because some really enjoy their work. Just last year Hazel McCallion, the Mayor of Mississauga, Ontario retired at the age of 93. By the year 2051, about one in four Canadians are expected to be 65 or over.[4] So it was no surprise that the Amendments to the Canadian Human Rights Act [5] and the Canada Labour Code [6] were updated in the year 2012 to prohibit federally regulated employers from setting a mandatory retirement age. The accepted age for retirement in Canada is 65, however one cannot be forced to retire at that age, it is their choice. In addition, the federal Old Age Security pension benefits was moved from 65 to 67 years of age.
Without retirees' participating in the labour workforce Canadians may not be able to afford the current standard of living they are custom to as the younger generation will have to bear the high taxes to support the increasing distribution of pensions while government-provided service like health care will have to be cut back at a time when it is needed most. The top five leading causes of Years lived with disability (YLDs) in Canada are low back pain, major depressive disorder, other musculoskeletal disorders, neck pain, and drug use disorders.
Workplaces can help by providing a safe work environment that reduces the chance of injury or occupational illness and implement health promotion initiatives (active living, healthy eating, stress awareness, violence prevention programs, etc.).[7]
Almost two-thirds of Canadian seniors are consuming five or more drugs a day and one-quarter take 10 or more.[9] This is alarming as long term use of many medications can cause the risk of developing other diseases, dependency and interact with other medications. As a clinical medical researcher I am always surprised to discover few seniors have no idea what their medication is for let alone the name of the drug they are taking. The health care system should put in place a strategy to promote the safe and appropriate use of drugs to manage chronic conditions effectively as family doctors and specialists don't always talk to each other regarding medications prescribed. Allowing drug dispensers more authority to manage and question doctors/specialists request may be one option.
Discouraging isolation and loneliness begins by the government supporting and partnering with existing senior organizations like CARP, a national, non-profit association committed to promoting social change to bring financial security, access to health care and freedom from discrimination. Public schools, high schools, Colleges and Universities can design projects and volunteer programs allowing the young to connect emotionally with the elderly thus teaching them how to care and be sensitive to others needs. After all, they are the future employers of tomorrow.
By implementing the above actions it is hoped that by the year 2040 the key elements of ageing which include being healthy (physically and mentally), feeling secure (emotionally, physically and financially), having autonomy to make an informed uncoerced decision and finally being happy which is the general sense people have of their good feelings and life satisfaction,[10] can be achieved.
by W. L. Collins
**********************************************************************
1. https://www.google.ca/search?q=canada+life+expectancy&stick=H4sIAAAAAAAAAGOovnz8BQMDgx0HjxKnfq6-QYqBmUG6ln52spV-Tn5yYklmfp5-cQmQLi7JTE7MiS9KTQcKWeVkpqXGp1YUpCaXJOYlVxbs4i5dK-Cj1rr1-KzZShedjCV49QFf2nV1WwAAAA&sa=X&ei=kGlFVZalF4uyyATf1IG4Dw&ved=0CJgBELcfMBA
2. http://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp/unpp/panel_population.htm
3..http://www.med.uottawa.ca/sim/data/Birth_Rates_e.htm
3.1fhttp://www.nber.org/chapters/c8045.pdf
4. http://www4.hrsdc.gc.ca/[email protected]?iid=33
5. http://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/acts/H-6/
6. http://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/acts/l-2/
7. http://www.ccohs.ca/oshanswers/psychosocial/aging_workers.html
8. http://www.un.org/en/development/desa/population/publications/pdf/ageing/WorldPopulationAgeing2013.p...(pg 36)
9. http://www.thespec.com/news-story/2211231-25-of-seniors-take-10-or-more-drugs/
10. https://class.coursera.org/ageing-001/lecture/27 Module five: Ageing well - Ageing well and the ethics of ageing, Dr Dominique Martin
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Network - Members/partners contribution to the ageing equation
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Description of the organization and their work
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KPMG is a leading provider of services to the ageing industry.
They work across the industry, including in the residential, home care,
retirement living and ageing well sectors. KPMG clients include
for-profit and not-for-profit providers, government, industry bodies and
other organizations who operate within the sector. They provide a range
of services including: organisational strategy; governance, risk and
compliance; finance; operations; and change management.
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Visionary Design Development Pty Ltd is an award-winning
transdisciplinary practice focused on accessibility in the built
environment. They collaborate with a diverse range of partners, locally and internationally.
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The Retirement Villages Association of New Zealand is a voluntary organisation that represents the interests of the owners, developers and managers of retirement villages throughout New Zealand. Around 95% of the industry are members. Membership is made up of corporate villages, independently-owned facilities and not-for-profit organisations. They also have around 150 associate members who supply goods and services to the sector. These companies are based in both Australia and New Zealand. They provide advice to members on a wide range of issues, as well as provide information about retirement villages to central and local government, the media and members of the public.
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National Seniors Australia is the leading not-for-profit and consumer lobby furthering the interests of Australians aged 50 years and over. National Seniors has 200,000 members who enjoy a range of commercial benefits and access to information about issues affecting lives. The National Seniors Productive Ageing Centre conducts research into these issues to inform policy development that affects Australia's seniors.
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CARP is a national, non-partisan, non-profit organization committed to advocating for a New Vision of Aging for Canada,
promoting social change that will bring financial security, equitable
access to health care and freedom from age discrimination
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While there are a variety of data sets available, the one we are going to use for this first assignment is from the Global Burden of Disease 2010 Study, which was conducted by nearly 500 researchers in 50 countries and led by the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation. This study provides a comprehensive list of country profiles where you can take your time and select a country where you are most interested in finding out more about life expectancy trends, causes of premature death and risk factors.
Lars Tornstam. (2006). The Complexity of Ageism: A Proposed Typology. International Journal of Ageing and Later Life. 1(1), 43-68.
http://www.ep.liu.se/ej/ijal/2006/v1/i1/a3/ijal06v1i1a3.pdf
Stasova, L. and Kriskova, E. (2014). Relationships between children and their grandparents and the importance of older generations in lives of todays' families. SHS Web of Conferences, 00044). http://www.shs-conferences.org/articles/shsconf/pdf/2014/07/shsconf_shw2012_00044.pdf
Torres, S., & Hammarström, G. (2009). Successful aging as an oxymoron: Older people–with and without home-help care–talk about what aging well means to them. International Journal of Ageing and Later Life, 4(1), 23-54. http://www.ep.liu.se/ej/ijal/2009/v4/i1/a2/ijal09v4i1a2.pdf
Recommended online resources for module five National Ageing Research Institute, Youthworx Productions and Brotherhood of St Laurence interviewed 20 people about their attitudes and experiences with age and ageism called 'Age Encounters': https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wdcWZDZ7d-I
Further reading Puur et al. (2011). Intergenerational family constellations in contemporary Europe: Evidence form the Generations and Gender Survey. Demographic Research. 25(4), 135-172. http://www.demographic-research.org/volumes/vol25/4/25-4.pdf
Ryan, S. Being old is not wearisome, it is being stereotyped. Sydney Morning Herald. 21 June 2014.
http://www.smh.com.au/comment/being-old-is-not-wearisome-it-is-being-stereotyped-20130620-2olpq.html
When we talk about living or ageing well, the term "quality of life" often enters the conversation. To learn a little more about how this expression may be understood or used in different disciplinary contexts, check out this Encyclopedia entry by Bruce Jennings on "Quality of Life, Philosophical and Ethical Dimensions": http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1G2-3402200345.html
Managing the ethical challenges of ageing societies is a dilemma for governments as well as individuals. In 2005, the President's Council on Bioethics in the United States was tasked with examining the challenges of providing care in an ageing society. You can read the full report of this investigation here: https://bioethicsarchive.georgetown.edu/pcbe/reports/taking_care/
In particular, Chapter 1, Section II. Individual Aging and the Lifecycle, in where the authors explore some of the ideas we reflect on in this module in the context of diverse experiences of ageing well. https://bioethicsarchive.georgetown.edu/pcbe/reports/taking_care/chapter1.html
http://www.ep.liu.se/ej/ijal/2006/v1/i1/a3/ijal06v1i1a3.pdf
Stasova, L. and Kriskova, E. (2014). Relationships between children and their grandparents and the importance of older generations in lives of todays' families. SHS Web of Conferences, 00044). http://www.shs-conferences.org/articles/shsconf/pdf/2014/07/shsconf_shw2012_00044.pdf
Torres, S., & Hammarström, G. (2009). Successful aging as an oxymoron: Older people–with and without home-help care–talk about what aging well means to them. International Journal of Ageing and Later Life, 4(1), 23-54. http://www.ep.liu.se/ej/ijal/2009/v4/i1/a2/ijal09v4i1a2.pdf
Recommended online resources for module five National Ageing Research Institute, Youthworx Productions and Brotherhood of St Laurence interviewed 20 people about their attitudes and experiences with age and ageism called 'Age Encounters': https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wdcWZDZ7d-I
Further reading Puur et al. (2011). Intergenerational family constellations in contemporary Europe: Evidence form the Generations and Gender Survey. Demographic Research. 25(4), 135-172. http://www.demographic-research.org/volumes/vol25/4/25-4.pdf
Ryan, S. Being old is not wearisome, it is being stereotyped. Sydney Morning Herald. 21 June 2014.
http://www.smh.com.au/comment/being-old-is-not-wearisome-it-is-being-stereotyped-20130620-2olpq.html
When we talk about living or ageing well, the term "quality of life" often enters the conversation. To learn a little more about how this expression may be understood or used in different disciplinary contexts, check out this Encyclopedia entry by Bruce Jennings on "Quality of Life, Philosophical and Ethical Dimensions": http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1G2-3402200345.html
Managing the ethical challenges of ageing societies is a dilemma for governments as well as individuals. In 2005, the President's Council on Bioethics in the United States was tasked with examining the challenges of providing care in an ageing society. You can read the full report of this investigation here: https://bioethicsarchive.georgetown.edu/pcbe/reports/taking_care/
In particular, Chapter 1, Section II. Individual Aging and the Lifecycle, in where the authors explore some of the ideas we reflect on in this module in the context of diverse experiences of ageing well. https://bioethicsarchive.georgetown.edu/pcbe/reports/taking_care/chapter1.html
Between 2011 and 2031 over that 20 year period,which is the period of the major change in terms of the demography of old relative to young. It means that over that 20 year period of maintain government support its current levels, then tax rates would have to increase by about five percentage points of GDP. |
The
advantages of private support are that it tends to give individual
choice a high weight, so people can choose what they want to do how
much they want to save. What sort of health care they want to have
and so on. And also, private support tends to operate then through
markets, which lead to a, individual is being motivated to provide
the goods and services that people want and and so those are
advantages of private support.
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The advantages of taxpayer support are that taxpayer support can provide protection. It can protect those people who have made bad decisions, who have suffered bad luck. Who have bad health and so on and and also through social insurance this protection can be provided by the entire working age population and so these risks are spread over a very broad group.
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Projections of the economic impact of the aging population suggest that there will be pressure in the future on maintaining the quantity and quality of government services
In dealing with the economic challenge of aging as it will probably develop in the future the appropriate balance between government and individual decision-making may be threatened by resistance to higher rates of tax
In dealing with the economic challenge of aging as it will probably develop in the future the appropriate balance between government and individual decision-making may be threatened by resistance to higher rates of tax
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World Health Organisation The Internal Classification of Functioning: An Overview
Miranda-Castillo et al. The needs of people with dementia living at home from user, caregiver, professional perspectives: a cross-sectional survey BMC Health Services Research 2013, 13:43
Tsang, Monique Connecting and caring: innovations for healthy ageing Bull World Health Organ 2012;90:162-163
This online video is from our colleagues at the University of Tasmania where they have an excellent MOOC entitled, 'Understanding Dementia.' this video captures the particular combination of issues for carers. This includes the hard work, frustrations, grief and confusion. It also includes an awareness of the aspects of personality that are not always impaired and the opportunities for continued quality of life and hope.
Scoopit channel on Ageing and Technology that is curated by the University of Melbourne's Health and Biomedical Informatics Centre and the Institute for a Broadband-Enabled Society.
Further reading World Health Organisation Towards a Common Language for Functioning, Disability, and Health (2002)
Pietzrak et al. Does smart home technology prevent falls in community-dwelling older adults: a literature review Informatics in Primary Care, 2014; 21(3):105-112
The University of Melbourne's Institute for a Broadband-Enabled Society White Paper on Smart Technologies for Older people
Provoking article on life extension technologies
Ian McDonald Dealing with the economics of ageing doesn't have to be unfair The Conversation. 13 March 2015.
http://theconversation.com/dealing-with-the-economics-of-ageing-doesnt-have-to-be-unfair-38656
Asghar Zaidi Hard evidence: which is the best country to grow old in? The Conversation. 26 November 2014
https://theconversation.com/hard-evidence-which-is-the-best-country-to-grow-old-in-33873
Jane Golley Growing old in the Chinese economy The Conversation. 7 January 2013
https://theconversation.com/growing-old-in-the-chinese-economy-11043
Mark Crosby It's an age-old problem we still haven't tackled The Conversation. 9 March 2015
https://theconversation.com/its-an-age-old-problem-we-still-havent-tackled-37716
Ross Guest Put your hand up in you'd like to pay more tax The Conversation. 5 February 2015
https://theconversation.com/put-your-hand-up-if-youd-like-to-pay-more-tax-37110
Burton, Elizabeth et al. (2011) Good places for ageing in place: development of objective built environment measures for investigating links with older people's wellbeing BMC Public Health, 11:839
http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2458/11/839
As part of videos five and six, review this document entitled Spatial Analytics.
https://d396qusza40orc.cloudfront.net/ageing/PDFs/ageing-article.pdf
online resources
QGIS is an excellent open-source GIS
http://www.qgis.org/en/site/
Milken Institute city indicators for successful ageing
http://assets1b.milkeninstitute.org/assets/Publication/ResearchReport/PDF/best-cities-successful-aging.pdf
WHO age-friendly checklist
http://www.who.int/ageing/publications/Age_friendly_cities_checklist.pdf
Haak, Maria et al. (2015) Cross-National User Priorities for Housing Provision and Accessibility — Findings from the European innovAge Project International Journal of Environemtnal Research and Public Health, 12:(3), 2670-2686
http://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/12/3/2670
The State of Victoria, 2014. Plan Melbourne: Metropolitan Planning Strategy
http://www.planmelbourne.vic.gov.au/
Meta-analyses of older adults and physical interventions
[HTML] nih.govEffects of psychotherapy and other behavioral interventions on clinically depressed older adults: A meta-analysisM Pinquart, PR Duberstein, JM Lyness - Aging & mental health, 2007 - Taylor & Francis |
1. Exercise improves depressive symptoms in older adults: An umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses http://fisioterapiasm.es/articulo_fisioterapia_depresion.pdf 2. [HTML] Effectiveness of exercise interventions to improve postural control in older adults: a systematic review and meta-analyses of centre of pressure measurements 3.… of physical exercise therapy on mobility, physical functioning, physical activity and quality of life in community-dwelling older adults with impaired mobility, physical … 4. Effects of exercise on fracture reduction in older adults 5. 6. Comparative meta-analysis of behavioral interventions for insomnia and their efficacy in middle-aged adults and in older adults 55+ years of age. 7. Physical exercise interventions for improving performance-based measures of physical function in community-dwelling, frail older adults: a systematic review and meta …M Giné-Garriga, M Roqué-Fíguls, L Coll-Planas… - Archives of physical …, 2014 - Elsevier Objective To conduct a systematic review to determine the efficacy of exercise-based interventions on improving performance-based measures of physical function and markers of physical frailty in community-dwelling, frail older people. Data Sources Comprehensive … Cited by 291 Related articles All 9 versions [HTML] nih.gov… of physical exercise therapy on mobility, physical functioning, physical activity and quality of life in community-dwelling older adults with impaired mobility, physical …NM De Vries, CD Van Ravensberg… - Ageing research …, 2012 - Elsevier … Because of this focus on elderly patients, the term 'physical exercise therapy' will be used in this paper instead of 'physical exercise' … Studies aimed at institutionalized older adults … Unfortunately, not all articles reported the necessary data to be included in the meta-analysis … Cited by 298 Related articles All 12 versions [HTML] archives-pmr.orgEffect of exercise on physical function, daily living activities, and quality of life in the frail older adults: a meta-analysisCH Chou, CL Hwang, YT Wu - … of physical medicine and rehabilitation, 2012 - Elsevier … 7 Exercise slows down the physiologic changes associated with aging, promotes cognitive health, and … of exercise training and the long-term exercise behavior in the frail older adults is needed … Our meta-analysis was confined to the physical component of frailty, with age as the … Cited by 490 Related articles All 11 versions [PDF] semanticscholar.orgInterventions to increase physical activity among aging adults: a meta-analysisVS Conn, JC Valentine… - Annals of behavioral …, 2002 - academic.oup.com Objectives: This review applied meta-analytic procedures to integrate primary research findings that test interventions to increase activity among aging adults. Methods: We performed extensive literature searching strategies and located published and unpublished … Cited by 256 Related articles All 13 versions [HTML] oup.comInterventions to increase physical activity among older adults: a meta-analysisJAD Chase - The Gerontologist, 2015 - academic.oup.com Abstract Purpose of the Study: To determine the overall effectiveness of interventions designed to increase physical activity (PA) behavior among community-dwelling older adults. Design and Methods: Comprehensive literature searching identified eligible PA … Cited by 106 Related articles All 9 versions [PDF] researchgate.netPhysical activity and psychological well-being in advanced age: a meta-analysis of intervention studies.Y Netz, MJ Wu, BJ Becker, G Tenenbaum - Psychology and aging, 2005 - psycnet.apa.org … well-being enhancement, in accordance with qualitative reviews studying the aging population (Brown … explain the positive alteration in anxiety found in the current meta-analysis as a … Consequently, older adults who place lower importance on their physical function may express … Cited by 1076 Related articles All 12 versions [HTML] nih.govEffect of pedometer-based physical activity interventions: a meta-analysisM Kang, SJ Marshall, TV Barreira… - Research quarterly for …, 2009 - Taylor & Francis … Pedometers provide instant feedback to individuals using goal-setting principles (eg, 10,000 steps/day goal) … Comprehensive meta-analysis (Version 2) [Computer Software] … (2005). Effects of a pedometer intervention on older adults' physical activity and mobil- ity [Abstract] … Cited by 311 Related articles All 15 versions [PDF] karger.comEffects of physical exercise interventions on gait-related dual-task interference in older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysisP Plummer, LA Zukowski, C Giuliani, AM Hall… - Gerontology, 2016 - karger.com Dual-task interference during walking can substantially limit mobility and increase the risk of falls among community-dwelling older adults. Previous systematic reviews examining intervention effects on dual-task gait and mobility have not assessed relative dual-task costs … Cited by 77 Related articles All 7 versions [HTML] nih.govInterventions for the prevention of falls in older adults: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised clinical trialsJT Chang, SC Morton, LZ Rubenstein, WA Mojica… - Bmj, 2004 - bmj.com … interventions and their relative effectiveness in preventing such falls, we conducted a meta-analysis of relevant … to 2002 using the search terms accidental falls, falling, or fall and aged, aging, elder care, elderly, elderly care, geriatric, geriatric assessment, older, or senior … Cited by 1534 Related articles All 23 versions |