Some people have bacteria that can produce electricity living in their intestines, these bacteria give off electrons which creates tiny electrical currents this might be the bacteria's way to generate energy.
|
Mycobacterium which is bacterial parasite, can induce autoimmune conditions such as:
Hashimoto's Multiple sclerosis Type 1 diabetes Autism So, we're talking about these parasites actually being a trigger for developmental delays. SOURCE: Parasites and Autism: what you can do! https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OmatOKcM9g0 |
Rheumatoid arthritis
The alteration in the composition and function of intestinal microbiome has been associated with rheumatoid arthritis, that is patients having decreased gut microbiome diversity as compared to the healthy individuals.[37] Smoking is also one of the causative factors of rheumatoid arthritis as it contributes to the development of RF factor which is up to three times more common in smokers than non-smokers.[38,39] The initiation of RA
has been associated with mineral oils, silica exposure, diet factors and blood transfusion.
The probable causative factors are excessive intake of saline and uncooked food, and intake of burning sensation producing food during digestion (Table 1). Source: Medicinal plants used against various inflammatory biomarkers for the management of rheumatoid arthritis S Singh, TG Singh, K Mahajan… - Journal of Pharmacy …, 2020 - Wiley Online Library https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/jphp.13326 |
Medical Versus Surgical Approach to Initial Treatment in Septic Arthritis
J.Clin Rheumatol. 2019 Jan; 25(1): 4–8.
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7654724/ In reference to risk factors for the development of septic arthritis, 39 of 49 patients of the IMT group presented 1 or more risk factors, whereas 12 of 14 patients of the IST group presented 1 or more risk factors ). The origin of the infection was determined to be hematogenous in 37 (58%) of 63 cases, whereas 7 (11.11%) of 63 cases were subsequent to corticosteroid infiltration. Other determined infection sources were peripheral catheters, central catheters, human bite, and adjacent posttraumatic wounds. Early Postoperative Infection and Acute Hematogenous Infection, ICM on PJI in Knee Replacement
www.youtube.com/watch?v=7dMX73ZxK14 |
Jaxtaposition: Harnessing the Power of our Microbiomes vimeo.com/360829580 The microbes are tiny, the promise is huge. We depend on a vast army of microbes to stay alive: a microbiome that protects us against germs, breaks down food to release energy, and produces vitamins. But disruptions of this incredible ecosystem are linked with autoimmune diseases, inflammatory disorders, and obesity. Learn from JAX scientist George Weinstock, Ph.D., Director of Microbial Genomics and Evnin Family Chair, and Miguel Ilzarbe, Director of Operations and Administration for JAX Genomic Medicine, for an interactive discussion on how a microbiome-based approach to living well can help us treat disease and enhance our health. Home / Health News /
BCG vaccine stimulates immune system, may help COVID-19 patientsBCG vaccine stimulates immune system, may help COVID-19 patientsA new research says that the BCG vaccine, which protects elderly people from respiratory infections, may also possibly offer protection against COVID-19. |
Malaria and Dysentery
|
List of Bacteria associated with Crohn's Disease
|
Slime mold is more closely related to malaria and dysentery than it is to other life forms. It has colorful names like dogs vomit, and wolf's milk, but it looks like fungi so it tends to get lumped in with fungi. (1)
|
In order of, worst cases of Cronh's (1-6) to milder incidences (7-16).
1. Escherichia (e coli ) 2. Fusobacterium nucleatum 3. Haemophilus parainfluenzae 4. Veilonella parvula (gram -ve cocci are associated with the oral flora(tooth surface)) 5. Eikenella corrodens 6. Gemella morbillorum 7. Bacteroides vulgatus (normal flora) 8. Bacteroides caccae 9. Bifidobacterium bifidum 10. Bifidobacterium longum 11. Bifidobacterium adolescentis 12. Blautia hansenii 13. Ruminococcus gnavus 14. Clostridium nexile 15. Faecalibacterium prausnitzii - up to four different F. prausnitzii strains (promoting gut health through the secretion of anti-inflammatory compounds, such as butyrate ) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IXkmd4Hb7lo 16. Clostridium bolteae |
The Demon Under the Microscope
Thomas Hager Sulfonamide medicineSulfonamide is a functional group that is the basis of several groups of drugs, which are called sulphonamides, sulfa drugs or sulpha drugs. The original antibacterial sulfonamides are synthetic antimicrobial agents that contain the sulfonamide group.Wikipedia
|
Tuberculosis (TB)
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
|
10% infected develop disease
|
Ultraviolet (UV) light makes vitamin D, and vitamin D turns on innate immunity to tuberculosis (TB)
|
Pseudomonas
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
|
|
Natural skin treatments:
1. vinegar can be safely, effectively methods in treatment of pseudomonas infected wounds. 2. Oregano oil: |
The Structure, Function and Evolution of the Extracellular Matrix:
A Systems-Level Analysis https://tspace.library.utoronto.ca/bitstream/1807/68367/3/Cromar_Graham_L_201406_PhD_thesis.pdf
ECM assembly and degradation play important roles in immune and inflammatory responses and wound healing. As a result, disruption of the ECM whether as a result of mutation or disturbances in the homeostatic balance of its assembled components leads to a number of inborn and acquired diseases.
Prevalence of bacteria resistant to antibiotics and/or biocides on meat processing plant surfaces throughout meat chain production
Leyre Lavilla Lerma, Nabil Benomar, Antonio Gálvez, Hikmate Abriouel
International Journal of Food Microbiology, Volume 161, Issue 2, 1 February 2013, Pages 97-106
http://www.ssu.ac.ir/cms/fileadmin/user_upload/Daneshkadaha/dbehdasht/behdasht_imani/art/Prevalence-of-bacteria-resistant-to-antibiotics-.pdf
International Journal of Food Microbiology, Volume 161, Issue 2, 1 February 2013, Pages 97-106
http://www.ssu.ac.ir/cms/fileadmin/user_upload/Daneshkadaha/dbehdasht/behdasht_imani/art/Prevalence-of-bacteria-resistant-to-antibiotics-.pdf
*Awawreness 1999 - 2007
In recent years, the extensive and inappropriate use of antimicrobial agents in human, veterinary, domestic and as disinfectants in food industry (Dixon, 2000; Feinman, 1999; Magee et al., 1999; Munsch-Alatossava and Alatossava, 2007)
* Tested 1998 - 2002
may generate a selective pressure for emergence of multiple drug resistant (MDR) bacteria (Levy, 1998; Russell, 2000, 2002; Russell et al., 1998).
* Current Problem
Infections due to MDR bacteria are still growing and the risk factors include among others the exposure to antimicrobial drugs (Safdar and Maki, 2002). Furthermore, the evolutionary antimicrobial resistance strategies of bacteria especially foodborne pathogens which include:
1. cell impermeability,
2. target site mutation,
3. drug efflux and
4. drug inactivation
have resulted in a great challenge due to the emergence of highly resistant bacteria to different antimicrobials.
In recent years, the extensive and inappropriate use of antimicrobial agents in human, veterinary, domestic and as disinfectants in food industry (Dixon, 2000; Feinman, 1999; Magee et al., 1999; Munsch-Alatossava and Alatossava, 2007)
* Tested 1998 - 2002
may generate a selective pressure for emergence of multiple drug resistant (MDR) bacteria (Levy, 1998; Russell, 2000, 2002; Russell et al., 1998).
* Current Problem
Infections due to MDR bacteria are still growing and the risk factors include among others the exposure to antimicrobial drugs (Safdar and Maki, 2002). Furthermore, the evolutionary antimicrobial resistance strategies of bacteria especially foodborne pathogens which include:
1. cell impermeability,
2. target site mutation,
3. drug efflux and
4. drug inactivation
have resulted in a great challenge due to the emergence of highly resistant bacteria to different antimicrobials.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Currently, 1 in 3 people have Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Pseudomonas is a common bacteria found all over the world in soil, water, and plants. Some healthy people even have strains of it growing on their skin in moist parts of their body, like their armpits or genital area. The prevalence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) was 54.4% (155/285) for animals from large farms, 73% (65/89) for animals from medium farms and 68.9% (31/45) for animals from small farms. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6463849/ Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a soil bacterium which can be infectious in plants and animals. It is found in sites which were chemical factories that processed mercury or lead. It is also found in the Washington state tricities were the plutonium bombs were manufactured. These lands are abandoned due to the harmful chemicals that leached into the soil. PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA is antibiotic resistant. https://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-26658719 |
Pseudomonas aeruginosa causes:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U5_eMVhBxYo - respiratory system infections (CF), (ventilators) - urinary tract infections (catheters) - dermatitis ( hot tub users) - soft tissue infections - bacteremia, - bone and joint infections, (Osteomyelitis: infections of the bone.) - gastrointestinal infections - Infections of normal ear canal in swimmers: Ottis externa or swimmer's ear. - and a variety of systemic infections, particularly in patients with severe burns and in cancer and AIDS patients who are immunosuppressed. WHO IS MORE SUSCEPTIBLE TO INFECTION FROM PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA? This bacterium is of particular concern to individuals with cystic fibrosis who are highly susceptible to pseudomonal lung infections. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is also of grave concern to cancer and burn patients as well as those people who are immunocompromised. The case fatality rate for individuals infected with Pseudomonas aeruginosa approaches 50 percent. Pseudomonas aeruginosa - Cystic Fibrosis P. aeruginosa has been found to colonize the lungs of from 50% (13) to 90% (14) of all CF patients, with the severity of the lung infection being correlated to the presence of mucoid strains (12), which appear to arise in conjunction with antibiotic therapy (13). INFECTION AND IMMUNITY, May 1980, p. 546-556 https://iai.asm.org/content/iai/28/2/546.full.pdf Natural skin treatments: 1. vinegar can be safely, effectively methods in treatment of pseudomonas infected wounds. 2. Oregano oil: Oregano oil is one of the most powerful antibacterial essential oils because it contains carvacrol and thymol, two antibacterial and antifungal compounds. |
A review of important microbiome studies of patients with IBD
Wu and colleagues have shown that long-term dietary patterns affect the ratios of Bacteroides, Prevotella, and Firmicutes, and that short-term changes may not have major influences.16 Zimmer and colleagues have studied the impact of a strict vegan or vegetarian diet on the microbiota,17 and found a significant reduction in Bacteroides spp., Bifidobacterium spp., and the Enterobacteriaceae, while total bacterial load remain unaltered. Enterobacteriaceae are among the taxa that are consistently found to be increased in patients with IBD The Microbiome in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: Current Status and the Future AheadAleksandar D. Kostic, Ramnik J. Xavier, and Dirk Gevers https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4034132/#!po=4.83871 SIBO (small intestine bacterial overgrowth) Lactobacillus reuteri is an antimicrobial compound that works against Ecoli,... https://www.thesibodoctor.com/microbiome-restoration |
Inflammation, dysbiosis and chronic disease Elinav E, Strowig T et al. (2011) cell, study indicates that deficiencies in the NLRP6 pathway should be added to the list of host genetic factors that may drive disease-specific alterations in the microbiota, which in turn may promote disease in these hosts or in individuals who have been exposed to these microbial communities and who have also experienced disruption in their gut epithelial barrier function due to a variety of insults.
|
genera containing potentially human pathogenic or phytopathogenic members
Enterococcus, Staphylococcus, Klebsiella, Acinetobacter, Pseudomonas, Enterobacter, Escherichia, Salmonella, Campylobacter, Vibrio, Shigella, Clostridium, Bacillus, Yersinia, Helicobacter, Mycobacterium, Legionella, Peptostreptococcus, Corynebacterium, Streptococcus, Neisseria, Bartonellas, Serratia, Bordetella, Citrobacter, Proteus, Treponema, Brucella, Mycoplasma, Chlamydia, Ureaplasma, Rickettsia, Listeria, Nocardia, Streptomyces, Actinobacillus, Pasteurella, Plesiomonas, Moraxella, Haemophilus, Leptospira, Borrelia, Ehrlichia, Anaplasma and the phytopathogenic genera Ralstonia, Agrobacterium, Erwinia, Xylella, Dickeya, Pectobacterium, Clavibacter, Liberibacter, Tatumella, Acidovorax, Pantoea, Serratia, Sphingomonas, Rhizobacter, Rhizomonas, Xylophilus, Clostridium, Clavibacter, Arthrobacter, Leifsonia, Rhodococcus, Streptomyces, Pseudomonas, Xanthomonas, and Herbaspirillum
(using QIIME 1.9.1 script filter_taxa_from_otu_table.py.)
Enterococcus, Staphylococcus, Klebsiella, Acinetobacter, Pseudomonas, Enterobacter, Escherichia, Salmonella, Campylobacter, Vibrio, Shigella, Clostridium, Bacillus, Yersinia, Helicobacter, Mycobacterium, Legionella, Peptostreptococcus, Corynebacterium, Streptococcus, Neisseria, Bartonellas, Serratia, Bordetella, Citrobacter, Proteus, Treponema, Brucella, Mycoplasma, Chlamydia, Ureaplasma, Rickettsia, Listeria, Nocardia, Streptomyces, Actinobacillus, Pasteurella, Plesiomonas, Moraxella, Haemophilus, Leptospira, Borrelia, Ehrlichia, Anaplasma and the phytopathogenic genera Ralstonia, Agrobacterium, Erwinia, Xylella, Dickeya, Pectobacterium, Clavibacter, Liberibacter, Tatumella, Acidovorax, Pantoea, Serratia, Sphingomonas, Rhizobacter, Rhizomonas, Xylophilus, Clostridium, Clavibacter, Arthrobacter, Leifsonia, Rhodococcus, Streptomyces, Pseudomonas, Xanthomonas, and Herbaspirillum
(using QIIME 1.9.1 script filter_taxa_from_otu_table.py.)
Bittar, F., Keita, M., Lagier, J. et al. Gorilla gorilla gorilla gut: a potential reservoir of pathogenic bacteria as revealed using culturomics and molecular tools. Sci Rep 4, 7174 (2015) doi:10.1038/srep07174 Many opportunistic pathogens were isolated, including 8 frequently associated with human diseases; Mycobacterium bolletii, Proteus mirabilis, Acinetobacter baumannii, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Serratia marcescens, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Clostridium botulinum. The genus Treponema accounted for 27.4% of the total reads identified at the genus level via 454 pyrosequencing. Using specific real-time PCR on 48 gorilla fecal samples, in addition to classical human pathogens, we also observed the fastidious bacteria Bartonella spp. Borrelia spp., Coxiella burnetii and Tropheryma whipplei in the gorilla population. We estimated that the prevalence of these pathogens vary between 4.76% and 85.7%. Therefore, gorillas share many bacterial pathogens with humans suggesting that they could be a reservoir for their emergence.
4 human diseases of mycoplasma (Treatment: Moringa Leaf Powder, Olive Leaf)
Plenumoniae
|
hominis
|
genitalium
|
ureaplasma
|
plenumoniae - Mycoplasma pneumoniae is a type of “atypical” bacteria that commonly causes mild infections of the respiratory system.
Pneumonia caused by M. pneumoniae is sometimes referred to as “walking pneumonia” since symptoms tend to be milder than pneumonia caused by other germs.
|
Mycoplasma hominis is a species of bacteria in the genus Mycoplasma. M. hominis has the ability to penetrate the interior of human cells. Along with ureaplasmas, mycoplasmas are the smallest free-living organisms known. They have no cell wall and therefore do not Gram stain.
m hominus, genitalium, ureaplasma, parvun
|
Discitis
Discitis or diskitis is an infection in the intervertebral disc space that affects different age groups. In adults it can lead to severe consequences such as sepsis or epidural abscess but can also spontaneously resolve, especially in children under 8 years of age. Discitis occurs post surgically in approximately 1-2 percent of patients after spinal surgery.Wikipedia
How long does one continue to feel some discomfort after sugery? Generally fit could take days,weeks, or one to two months, The longest flare-up noted from a disc injection is about 6-8 weeks until the patient turns the corner. If you're still having significant increased pain from the procedure that's when that disc tissue needs to be ruled out meaning that one to two hundred times there are small amounts of bacteria that live in these discs and if you stick a needle into them, that can stir up that hornet's nest, so that's again not likely it's just one in 200 half a percent but one of the things that makes us think that is that the patient isn't getting better with time or the pain isn't going away but going back to what it used to be and if this is the case it's important to address the bacteria.
|
Id:13294
Title: Bone changes in leprosy: a correlation of clinical and radiographic features ..- Author: Enna, Carl D; Jacobson, Robert R; Rausch, Robert O Source: s.l; s.n; 1971. 12 p. ilus. Abstract: Characteristic bone lesions in leprosy affect the small bones of the face, hands, and feet. They are due directly to leprous infection imposed upon denervated tissues. The manifestations of leprous bone infection vary from the presence of bacilli in the bone to actual destruction. Distal absorption involves fingers and toes with the loss of digits. Combined absorption of lenght and width of bone often affects the metatarsophalangeal joints. Tarsal absorption patterns are determined by abnormal weight-bearing forces and infection.(AU). Descriptors:DEDOS DO PE/radiogr HANSENIASE/radiogr ARTROPATIAS/radiogr DEGENERACAO NEURAL DOENCAS DO SISTEMA NERVOSO/compl FERIMENTOS E LESOES/compl FRATURAS/radiogr DEFORMIDADES ADQUIRIDAS DO PE/radiogr DEDOS/radiogr - FACE/radiogr DOENCAS OSSEAS/etiol DOENCAS OSSEAS/radiogr |
Mycoplasma Strains Antigens
The Mycoplasmas V2: Human and Animal Mycoplasmas
edited by J TullyEdward (Nicol and Edward, 1953) https://books.google.ca/books?id=2ZdjivhBXz4C&pg=PA196&lpg=PA196&dq=Edward+(Nicol+and+Edward,+1953)&source=bl&ots=lCcOVgm7cF&sig=ACfU3U2fuRalXjIKhtF8QEia2ibqbImFAw&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwj-_deK7e3mAhVSSq0KHeU5DSwQ6AEwAXoECAoQAQ#v=onepage&q=Edward%20(Nicol%20and%20Edward%2C%201953)&f=false In 1898, Nocard and Roux were the first to isolate a mycoplasma species in culture from bovine; however, it was not until 1944 when Mycoplasma pneumoniae, known then as Eaton agent or Eaton's agent, was isolated and described from a patient with primary atypical pneumonia. Mycoplasma pneumoniae - Wikipedia 1. M. pneumoniae disease are impractical or impossible to resolve in the human host. https://rupress.org/jem/article/121/6/1071/3827/EXPERIMENTAL-INFECTION-WITH-MYCOPLASMA-PNEUMONIAE |
1939 - Dr. Brown discovered what he believed to be a link between rheumatoid arthritis and disease-inducing agents known as mycoplasma, a bacterial toxin to which the body reacts adversely and evidently. He suggested you have to get it out of the system before the body can return to a more normal state but unfortunately any attempt to rid the body of the mycoplasma will cause a Jarisch-Herxheimer Reaction which is when the spirochetes die rapidly in the body thus releasing the endotoxin and causing an ill reaction. Road back protocol (RA minocycline treatment) link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=S_v1oY2GZd8 Mycoplasma structure and general details
fac anaer (except pneumoniae - ob aer)
Mycoplasmas: A significantly higher incidence of raised agglutination titres to C. acnes and to a 'diptheroid' isolated from a patient with rheumatoid arthritis in sera from patients with rheumatoid arthritis supports the conclusion that these organisms are present in the joints in such patients, though their role in this disease has yet to be established. (Stewart SM, McBride WH,, 1974) |
Multiple mycoplasmal infections detected in blood of patients with chronic fatigue syndrome and/or fibromyalgia syndrome
M Nasralla, J Haier, GL Nicolson - … Journal of Clinical Microbiology and …, 1999 - Springer The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of different mycoplasmal species in blood samples from patients with chronic fatigue syndrome and/or fibromyalgia syndrome. Previously, more than 60% of patients with chronic fatigue syndrome/fibromyalgia syndrome were found to have mycoplasmal blood infections, such as Mycoplasma fermentans infection. In this study, patients with chronic fatigue syndrome/fibromyalgia syndrome were examined for multiple mycoplasmal infections in their blood. A total of 91 patients diagnosed with chronic fatigue syndrome/fibromyalgia syndrome and with a positive test for any mycoplasmal infection were investigated for the presence of Mycoplasma fermentans, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Mycoplasma hominis and Mycoplasma penetrans in blood using forensic polymerase chain reaction. Among these mycoplasma-positive patients, infections were detected with Mycoplasma pneumoniae (54/91), Mycoplasma fermentans (44/91), Mycoplasma hominis (28/91) and Mycoplasma penetrans (18/91). Multiple mycoplasmal infections were found in 48 of 91 patients, with double infections being detected in 30.8% and triple infections in 22%, but only when one of the species was Mycoplasma pneumoniae or Mycoplasma fermentans. Patients infected with more than one mycoplasmal species generally had a longer history of illness, suggesting that they may have contracted additional mycoplasmal infections with time. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s100960050420 |
Garth L. Nicolson, PhD, (b.1943), is an American biochemist. He's the Founder, President, and Chief Scientific Officer of The Institute for Molecular Medicine, Huntington Beach, California. He's the Founder, President, and Chief Scientific Officer of The Institute for Molecular Medicine, Huntington Beach, California. (http://ra-infection-connection.com/NicolsonRefs.htm)
|
Proteus
|
One possibility that has been suggested is that rheumatoid arthritis is a Proteus reactive arthritis [2]. This theory is based on three observations: (1) both anti-HLA-DR4 antibodies (Abs) raised in rabbits, as well as those extracted from allogeneic sera, have been shown to be cross-reactive with Proteus to a greater extent than other enterobacteria [3], and HLADR4 is associated with RA [1]; (2) using a range of different methods, anti-Proteus Abs have been shown to be elevated during active phases of RA [3,4], but not in other chronic inflammatory diseases [5]; (3) recent data have suggested that Proteus can be isolated from the urine of RA patients more often than in controls [6]. (source) In summary, we have confirmed previous findings of an association between active RA and elevated titres of anti-Proteus Abs. (source)
|
|
Staphylococcus
|
Poultry is a common source of food-borne illness. Food poisoning bacteria such as (listed below) live in the gut and/or skin of the birds. They can get on to raw chicken during slaughter and processing.
1. Campylobacter jejuni,
Symptoms: bloody diarrhea, bacteremia
Can cause (dx): Guillain Barre Syndrome and reactive arthritis
2 Salmonella,
Symptoms: Nausea, vomiting, abdominal cramps, diarrhea, fever, headache
Can cause (dx): septicemia and reactive arthritis, death less than 1%
3. Costridium perfringens
Symptoms: diarrhea and abdominal cramps within 6 to 24 hours
Can cause (dx): bacteria produce a toxin inside the intestine that causes illness.
4. Staphylococcus aureus
Produces enterotoxin (food poisoning)
12-24 hrs of ab pain, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea
Can cause (dx): Direct organ invasion:
Direct organ invasion can cause:
* Skin infections - Impetigo, cellulitis, abscesses, wound infections. Often together with Strep pyogenes
* Meningitis, brain abscess - Fever, HA, stiff neck, focal neuro deficit, coma
* Pneumonia - Will follow a viral URI or influenza
* Osteomyelitis - Bone infection (young kids), redness, swelling, fever, chills, pain
* Septic arthritis - Synovial membrane, decreased joint ROM
* Acute endocarditis - Heart valve destruction, fever, chills, muscle pain, vegetations grow on heart valves and can spread to brain
* Blood & catheter infection - Migrate from skin, colonize central venous catheters. Can results in bacteremia, sepsis, endocarditis
1. Campylobacter jejuni,
Symptoms: bloody diarrhea, bacteremia
Can cause (dx): Guillain Barre Syndrome and reactive arthritis
2 Salmonella,
Symptoms: Nausea, vomiting, abdominal cramps, diarrhea, fever, headache
Can cause (dx): septicemia and reactive arthritis, death less than 1%
3. Costridium perfringens
Symptoms: diarrhea and abdominal cramps within 6 to 24 hours
Can cause (dx): bacteria produce a toxin inside the intestine that causes illness.
4. Staphylococcus aureus
Produces enterotoxin (food poisoning)
12-24 hrs of ab pain, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea
Can cause (dx): Direct organ invasion:
Direct organ invasion can cause:
* Skin infections - Impetigo, cellulitis, abscesses, wound infections. Often together with Strep pyogenes
* Meningitis, brain abscess - Fever, HA, stiff neck, focal neuro deficit, coma
* Pneumonia - Will follow a viral URI or influenza
* Osteomyelitis - Bone infection (young kids), redness, swelling, fever, chills, pain
* Septic arthritis - Synovial membrane, decreased joint ROM
* Acute endocarditis - Heart valve destruction, fever, chills, muscle pain, vegetations grow on heart valves and can spread to brain
* Blood & catheter infection - Migrate from skin, colonize central venous catheters. Can results in bacteremia, sepsis, endocarditis
The relation of streptococci and streptococcic infection to chronic rheumatoid arthritis remains in an uncertain and far from established position in spite of the many diligent investigations pursued during the past decade. Not only do students of the disease differ regarding the interpretation of experimental results but the results themselves lack uniformity. If a relationship exists, it might do so in one of three ways: 1. The joint lesions may be the result of the localization of streptococci circulating in the blood stream. 2. The joint lesions may be due to toxins liberated from some focus of streptococcic infection elsewhere in the body. 3. The joint reactions may be allergic in nature and represent hypersensitivity of the joint tissues to streptococci, resulting from low grade infections or from the persistence of foci of infection in the body.
November 3, 1934THE TREATMENT OF CHRONIC RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS WITH STREPTOCOCCUS VACCINEON THE BASIS OF SKIN SENSITIVITY
CHARLES W. WAINWRIGHT, M.D.
Author Affiliations
JAMA. 1934;103(18):1357-1361. doi:10.1001/jama.1934.02750440017005
https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/article-abstract/254681
https://scholar.google.ca/scholar?q=rheumatoid+arthritis+pathogenesis&hl=da&as_sdt=0&as_vis=1&oi=scholart
The pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritisIB McInnes, G Schett - New England Journal of Medicine, 2011 - Mass Medical Soc
The increased understanding of the immune mechanisms of rheumatoid arthritis has led to
the development of a considerable number of new therapeutic agents that alter the natural
history of the disease and reduce mortality.
Citeret af 2842 Relaterede artikler Alle 15 versioner
[PDF] calis.edu.cnCytokines in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritisIB McInnes, G Schett - Nature Reviews Immunology, 2007 - nature.com
Cytokines regulate a broad range of inflammatory processes that are implicated in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis. In rheumatoid joints, it is well known that an imbalance between pro-and anti-inflammatory cytokine activities favours the induction of autoimmunity …
Citeret af 1985 Relaterede artikler Alle 12 versionerImmunologic mechanisms in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritisGS Firestein - JCR: Journal of Clinical Rheumatology, 2005 - journals.lww.com
Although much is known about the etiology and pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA),
our understanding of the immune pathways remains incomplete. The observed clinical and
pathologic manifestations result from activation of several interrelated immune pathways …
Citeret af 260 Relaterede artikler Alle 9 versioner
[HTML] biomedcentral.com[HTML] Fibroblast biology: role of synovial fibroblasts in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritisT Pap, U Müller-Ladner, RE Gay… - Arthritis …, 2000 - arthritis-research.biomedcentral.com
There is growing evidence that activated synovial fibroblasts, as part of a complex cellular
network, play an important role in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis. In recent years,
significant progress has been made in elucidating the specific features of these fibroblasts. It …
Citeret af 496 Relaterede artikler Alle 17 versioner
The Observation of 5-year Radiology in the Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis by Heat Clearing and Activating Blood Recipe and the Effect of Its Decomposed Formulas on TNF-α and IL-6
李光耀
中国中医科学院
Abstract:Rheumatoid arthritis(RA)is an autoimmune disease characterized by symmetrical polyarthritis as the main clinical manifestation.It is characterized by chronic inflammation of joint synovium and progressive joint destruction.The morbidity rate of rheumatoid arthritis in 5 to 10 years is as high as 60%.More than half of patients with a 10-year disease duration cannot work.It is one of the major disabling diseases in the world and has a huge impact on society,families and individuals.In the 2012 ACR definition of poor prognosis of RA,bone erosion of joint imaging was listed as the main indicator.According to Triditional Chinese medicine(TCM),the disease belongs to:multiple arthralgia,severe and migratory arthralgia.The further development of the disease can injury bones and cause bone erosion.In recent years,domestic and foreign efforts have been devoted to delaying the progress of bone destruction in rheumatoid arthritis.There are more and more studies on prevention and treatment of bone destruction by Chinese medicine,and Chinese medicine has become an important way to prevent rheumatoid arthritis bone destruction.Modern studies suggest that inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α and IL-6 are involved in the process of bone erosion in rheumatoid arthritis,and inflammation is an important cause of local and systemic bone loss in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.As soon as possible to inhibit the production of inflammatory cytokines,can effectively prevent or slow the joint synovial and cartilage lesions.Our department according to active period of pathogenesis of RA characteristics combined with years of clinical experience,emphasis on moist heat and phlegm are the key pathogenesis of active RA and the pathological key of bone destruction,Qingrehuoxue therapy is the basic treatment of active RA.We have a randomized multi-center cohort study on active RA with Heat Clearing and Activating Blood Recipe from 2007 to 2009,which shows this decoction is good at relieving joint swelling and pain,decreasing CRP&ESR and protecting patients’ joint function.The radiological evaluation and long-term efficacy evaluation of RA patients treated withHeat Clearing and Activating Blood Recipe for 1-3 years showed that the Recipe can delay the rate of bone destruction in patients with long-term.Based on the above research basis,this study will further evaluates the long-term efficacy of Heat Clearing and Activating Blood Recipe in the treatment of RA to delay bone destruction for a 5-year period from the perspective of radiology.And based on the principles of heat-clearing,damp-heating and blood-activating,the preliminary experimental study was conducted on the Heat Clearing and Activating Blood Recipe.The effect of Heat Clearing and Activating Blood Recipe on the inflammatory cytokines TNF-a and IL-6 in serum of CIA rats was observed.To investigate the possible mechanism of Heat Clearing and Activating Blood Recipe in delaying bone destruction,and further clarify the role of Heat Clearing and Activating Blood Recipe in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.Part 1:Literature Review1.Bone destruction is a major cause of disability in rheumatoid arthritis.Inhibiting disease activity,delaying or even blocking the process of bone destruction is an important goal in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.In recent years,the research on the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis bone destruction by Chinese medicine has gradually increased and achieved certain results.Chinese medicine research has gradually become an important direction to delay the bone destruction of rheumatoid arthritis.By combing the literature,the clinical and experimental aspects of traditional Chinese medicine to delay the bone destruction of rheumatoid arthritis are summarized.It is proposed that the long-term clinical study of rheumatoid arthritis in delaying bone destruction should be strengthened to provide evidence for clinical treatment.2.By analyzing and induction of my advisor treatment of rheumatoid arthritis,I summarized her academic thought of focusing on the combination of Chinese and western medicines to highlight their respective advantages;emphasizing internal and external combination therapy and comprehensive treatment are the best options for rheumatoid arthritis;she focuses on Food therapy,emphasis on life adjustment and taboo;and focus on enhancing patient compliance,improvement of chronic disease management,and continuously improve the experience of medication adherence in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.3.To summarize the value of X-ray in evaluation of bone destruction in rheumatoid arthritis and the clinical application of Sharp score.In recent years,skeletal and muscle ultrasonography,CT and MRI have gradually become an important means to evaluate joint inflammation and bone destruction in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.However,traditional X-ray examination is simple and inexpensive,and it is still an important and preferred imaging examination for the diagnosis and imaging evaluation of rheumatoid arthritis.The typical X-ray appearance of the patient is not only helpful for diagnosis,but also to assess the degree of joint destruction and clinical efficacy evaluation.The Sharp/van der Heijde score has broad application prospects for the study of bone destruction,including long-term follow-up of joint destruction,evaluation of clinical drug efficacy,and risk factors,predictors,and marker search for joint bone destruction.Part 2:Clinical ResearchObjective To observe and evaluate the changes of 5-year radiology in the treatment of bone destruction of rheumatoid arthritis by clearing away heat and activating blood circulation.Methods By open follow-up studies,28 cases of syndrome of damp heat and blood stasis resistance card activity of RA patients coming from July 2005 to July 2017 in the Department of Rheumatology,Guang’anmen Hospital,China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences have been observed for five years.In order to evaluate the long-term effect of Clearing Heat and Activating Blood Recipe,the X-ray films of these patients’hands have been scored according to internationally accepted Sharp/van der Heijde score for consecutive five years before and after the treatment.Scores of joint space were scored in 30 areas of the x-rays of the hands,and erosion scores were scored in 32 areas and completed by two doctors.Statistical methods using SPSS 17.0 statistical analysis system.Measured data with normal distribution were expressed as mean ± standard deviation and t-test was used;non-normal distribution was expressed as median(interquartile range),using the Willcoxon rank sum test.Count data using Fisher’s exact test or chi-square test.P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.Result In this clinical study,28 patients with a qualified X-ray film were included in the plan,including 13 in the Chinese medicine group and 15 in the Chinese and Western medicine group.There was no significant difference in age and baseline disease between the two groups(P>0.05).1.Between the Chinese medicine group and the Chinese and western medicine group,there were no statistic differences in Sharp total score,joint clearance score and joint erosion score(P>0.05).2.Between Chinese medicine group and Chinese and western medicine group,there were no statistic differences in Sharp total score,joint clearance and joint erosion rate(P>0.05).The rate of radiological progression in most patients showed a decreasing trend.3.After five-year treatment,the baseline of the destruction group was significantly higher than the baseline of the non-destruction group in terms of Sharp total score,joint clearance and joint erosion(P<0.05).The baseline of the non-destruction group in terms of Sharp scores with scores greater than 10 were significantly less than those with baseline of the destruction group,while scores for total scores of 0 and 1-10 were lower than in the baseline of the destruction group(P<0.05).4.In 5 years of progress rate,patients with a baseline course greater than 2 years,the total score of Sharp group,joint space,joint erosion were greater than the baseline course less than or equal to 2 years group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).patients with a baseline course less than or equal to 2 years group,the scores of sharp scores at 0 and 1-10 were all greater than patients with a baseline course greater than 2 years,while the scores with total scores greater than 10 were significantly less than those with>2 years of course(P<0.05).Conclusion1.Heat Clearing and Activating Blood Recipe can delay the progression rate of the bone destruction in RA patients for as far as five years.2.The combination of Heat Clearing and Activating Blood Recipe and MTX can delay the progression rate of the bone destruction rate in RA patients for as far as five years.3.The progression rate of the bone destruction in RA patients with bone destruction at baseline was greater than that of RA patients with no bone destruction at baseline.4.The rate of long-term bone destruction in RA patients with a baseline course greater than 2 years is greater than that of the baseline course less than or equal to 2 years RA patients.Part 3:Experimental Researchobjective The thesis is going to observe the effect of clearing away heat and activating blood circulation and its decomposed formulas on the serum TNF alpha and IL-6 in rats with rheumatoid arthritis,probe into the possible function of Clearing Heat and Activating Blood Recipe to delay bone destruction and the likely target of Jun Medicine and Chen Medicine(compositions of Clearing Heat and Activating Blood Recipe),and further explain the function basis of Clearing Heat and Activating Blood Recipe on RA bone protection.Methods The CIA rats model,set up the normal control group,model control group,the Methotrexate group,the treatment group of Heat Clearing and Activating Blood Recipe,the treatment group of Chlorogenic Acid(honeysuckle monomer),the treatment group of Astilbin(glabrous greenbrier rhizome monomer)and the treatment group of Tanshinone Ⅱ A(salvia miltiorrhiza monomer).6 rats in each treatment group.The level of TNF alpha and IL-6 in the rats’ serum have been compared and analyzed by Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay.Result1.The serum TNF alpha and IL-6 in the model group was significantly higher than that in the normal group(P<0.05).The Methotrexate group,the treatment group of Heat Clearing and Activating Blood Recipe,the treatment group of Honeysuckle Monomer,the treatment group of Glabrous Greenbrier Rhizome Monomer and the treatment group of Tanshinone Monomer can lower the concentration of TNF alpha and IL-6 in CIA rat serum.There is a significant difference between these groups and model groups(P<0.05),but no significant difference among these groups(P>0.05).2.The effect of lowering TNF-alpha and IL-6 in the treatment group of Heat Clearing and Activating Blood Recipe is better than that of its decomposed formulas.The effects of its decomposed formulas can be observed as follows:Honeysuckle Monomer>Glabrous Greenbrier Rhizome Monomer>Tanshinone Monomer.Conclusion1.Heat Clearing and Activating Blood Recipe and its decomposed formulas can lower the level of serum inflammatory factors TNF-alpha and IL-6 in the CIA model rats.2.Both Jun Medicine and Chen Medicine(the compositions of Heat Clearing and Activating Blood Recipe)can lower the levels of TNF-alpha and IL-6.In terms of the effect,the compound is greater than the respective decomposed parts.3.Combined with clinical research that long-term adherence to Heat Clearing and Activating Blood Recipe for patients with rheumatoid arthritis results in slower progress in radiological progression of long-term bone destruction.By the means of lowering the level of serum inflammatory factors TNF-alpha and IL-6,Heat Clearing and Activating Blood Recipe may participate in delaying the progression of bone destruction in the long term. Reset
November 3, 1934THE TREATMENT OF CHRONIC RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS WITH STREPTOCOCCUS VACCINEON THE BASIS OF SKIN SENSITIVITY
CHARLES W. WAINWRIGHT, M.D.
Author Affiliations
JAMA. 1934;103(18):1357-1361. doi:10.1001/jama.1934.02750440017005
https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/article-abstract/254681
https://scholar.google.ca/scholar?q=rheumatoid+arthritis+pathogenesis&hl=da&as_sdt=0&as_vis=1&oi=scholart
The pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritisIB McInnes, G Schett - New England Journal of Medicine, 2011 - Mass Medical Soc
The increased understanding of the immune mechanisms of rheumatoid arthritis has led to
the development of a considerable number of new therapeutic agents that alter the natural
history of the disease and reduce mortality.
Citeret af 2842 Relaterede artikler Alle 15 versioner
[PDF] calis.edu.cnCytokines in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritisIB McInnes, G Schett - Nature Reviews Immunology, 2007 - nature.com
Cytokines regulate a broad range of inflammatory processes that are implicated in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis. In rheumatoid joints, it is well known that an imbalance between pro-and anti-inflammatory cytokine activities favours the induction of autoimmunity …
Citeret af 1985 Relaterede artikler Alle 12 versionerImmunologic mechanisms in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritisGS Firestein - JCR: Journal of Clinical Rheumatology, 2005 - journals.lww.com
Although much is known about the etiology and pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA),
our understanding of the immune pathways remains incomplete. The observed clinical and
pathologic manifestations result from activation of several interrelated immune pathways …
Citeret af 260 Relaterede artikler Alle 9 versioner
[HTML] biomedcentral.com[HTML] Fibroblast biology: role of synovial fibroblasts in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritisT Pap, U Müller-Ladner, RE Gay… - Arthritis …, 2000 - arthritis-research.biomedcentral.com
There is growing evidence that activated synovial fibroblasts, as part of a complex cellular
network, play an important role in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis. In recent years,
significant progress has been made in elucidating the specific features of these fibroblasts. It …
Citeret af 496 Relaterede artikler Alle 17 versioner
The Observation of 5-year Radiology in the Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis by Heat Clearing and Activating Blood Recipe and the Effect of Its Decomposed Formulas on TNF-α and IL-6
李光耀
中国中医科学院
Abstract:Rheumatoid arthritis(RA)is an autoimmune disease characterized by symmetrical polyarthritis as the main clinical manifestation.It is characterized by chronic inflammation of joint synovium and progressive joint destruction.The morbidity rate of rheumatoid arthritis in 5 to 10 years is as high as 60%.More than half of patients with a 10-year disease duration cannot work.It is one of the major disabling diseases in the world and has a huge impact on society,families and individuals.In the 2012 ACR definition of poor prognosis of RA,bone erosion of joint imaging was listed as the main indicator.According to Triditional Chinese medicine(TCM),the disease belongs to:multiple arthralgia,severe and migratory arthralgia.The further development of the disease can injury bones and cause bone erosion.In recent years,domestic and foreign efforts have been devoted to delaying the progress of bone destruction in rheumatoid arthritis.There are more and more studies on prevention and treatment of bone destruction by Chinese medicine,and Chinese medicine has become an important way to prevent rheumatoid arthritis bone destruction.Modern studies suggest that inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α and IL-6 are involved in the process of bone erosion in rheumatoid arthritis,and inflammation is an important cause of local and systemic bone loss in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.As soon as possible to inhibit the production of inflammatory cytokines,can effectively prevent or slow the joint synovial and cartilage lesions.Our department according to active period of pathogenesis of RA characteristics combined with years of clinical experience,emphasis on moist heat and phlegm are the key pathogenesis of active RA and the pathological key of bone destruction,Qingrehuoxue therapy is the basic treatment of active RA.We have a randomized multi-center cohort study on active RA with Heat Clearing and Activating Blood Recipe from 2007 to 2009,which shows this decoction is good at relieving joint swelling and pain,decreasing CRP&ESR and protecting patients’ joint function.The radiological evaluation and long-term efficacy evaluation of RA patients treated withHeat Clearing and Activating Blood Recipe for 1-3 years showed that the Recipe can delay the rate of bone destruction in patients with long-term.Based on the above research basis,this study will further evaluates the long-term efficacy of Heat Clearing and Activating Blood Recipe in the treatment of RA to delay bone destruction for a 5-year period from the perspective of radiology.And based on the principles of heat-clearing,damp-heating and blood-activating,the preliminary experimental study was conducted on the Heat Clearing and Activating Blood Recipe.The effect of Heat Clearing and Activating Blood Recipe on the inflammatory cytokines TNF-a and IL-6 in serum of CIA rats was observed.To investigate the possible mechanism of Heat Clearing and Activating Blood Recipe in delaying bone destruction,and further clarify the role of Heat Clearing and Activating Blood Recipe in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.Part 1:Literature Review1.Bone destruction is a major cause of disability in rheumatoid arthritis.Inhibiting disease activity,delaying or even blocking the process of bone destruction is an important goal in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.In recent years,the research on the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis bone destruction by Chinese medicine has gradually increased and achieved certain results.Chinese medicine research has gradually become an important direction to delay the bone destruction of rheumatoid arthritis.By combing the literature,the clinical and experimental aspects of traditional Chinese medicine to delay the bone destruction of rheumatoid arthritis are summarized.It is proposed that the long-term clinical study of rheumatoid arthritis in delaying bone destruction should be strengthened to provide evidence for clinical treatment.2.By analyzing and induction of my advisor treatment of rheumatoid arthritis,I summarized her academic thought of focusing on the combination of Chinese and western medicines to highlight their respective advantages;emphasizing internal and external combination therapy and comprehensive treatment are the best options for rheumatoid arthritis;she focuses on Food therapy,emphasis on life adjustment and taboo;and focus on enhancing patient compliance,improvement of chronic disease management,and continuously improve the experience of medication adherence in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.3.To summarize the value of X-ray in evaluation of bone destruction in rheumatoid arthritis and the clinical application of Sharp score.In recent years,skeletal and muscle ultrasonography,CT and MRI have gradually become an important means to evaluate joint inflammation and bone destruction in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.However,traditional X-ray examination is simple and inexpensive,and it is still an important and preferred imaging examination for the diagnosis and imaging evaluation of rheumatoid arthritis.The typical X-ray appearance of the patient is not only helpful for diagnosis,but also to assess the degree of joint destruction and clinical efficacy evaluation.The Sharp/van der Heijde score has broad application prospects for the study of bone destruction,including long-term follow-up of joint destruction,evaluation of clinical drug efficacy,and risk factors,predictors,and marker search for joint bone destruction.Part 2:Clinical ResearchObjective To observe and evaluate the changes of 5-year radiology in the treatment of bone destruction of rheumatoid arthritis by clearing away heat and activating blood circulation.Methods By open follow-up studies,28 cases of syndrome of damp heat and blood stasis resistance card activity of RA patients coming from July 2005 to July 2017 in the Department of Rheumatology,Guang’anmen Hospital,China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences have been observed for five years.In order to evaluate the long-term effect of Clearing Heat and Activating Blood Recipe,the X-ray films of these patients’hands have been scored according to internationally accepted Sharp/van der Heijde score for consecutive five years before and after the treatment.Scores of joint space were scored in 30 areas of the x-rays of the hands,and erosion scores were scored in 32 areas and completed by two doctors.Statistical methods using SPSS 17.0 statistical analysis system.Measured data with normal distribution were expressed as mean ± standard deviation and t-test was used;non-normal distribution was expressed as median(interquartile range),using the Willcoxon rank sum test.Count data using Fisher’s exact test or chi-square test.P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.Result In this clinical study,28 patients with a qualified X-ray film were included in the plan,including 13 in the Chinese medicine group and 15 in the Chinese and Western medicine group.There was no significant difference in age and baseline disease between the two groups(P>0.05).1.Between the Chinese medicine group and the Chinese and western medicine group,there were no statistic differences in Sharp total score,joint clearance score and joint erosion score(P>0.05).2.Between Chinese medicine group and Chinese and western medicine group,there were no statistic differences in Sharp total score,joint clearance and joint erosion rate(P>0.05).The rate of radiological progression in most patients showed a decreasing trend.3.After five-year treatment,the baseline of the destruction group was significantly higher than the baseline of the non-destruction group in terms of Sharp total score,joint clearance and joint erosion(P<0.05).The baseline of the non-destruction group in terms of Sharp scores with scores greater than 10 were significantly less than those with baseline of the destruction group,while scores for total scores of 0 and 1-10 were lower than in the baseline of the destruction group(P<0.05).4.In 5 years of progress rate,patients with a baseline course greater than 2 years,the total score of Sharp group,joint space,joint erosion were greater than the baseline course less than or equal to 2 years group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).patients with a baseline course less than or equal to 2 years group,the scores of sharp scores at 0 and 1-10 were all greater than patients with a baseline course greater than 2 years,while the scores with total scores greater than 10 were significantly less than those with>2 years of course(P<0.05).Conclusion1.Heat Clearing and Activating Blood Recipe can delay the progression rate of the bone destruction in RA patients for as far as five years.2.The combination of Heat Clearing and Activating Blood Recipe and MTX can delay the progression rate of the bone destruction rate in RA patients for as far as five years.3.The progression rate of the bone destruction in RA patients with bone destruction at baseline was greater than that of RA patients with no bone destruction at baseline.4.The rate of long-term bone destruction in RA patients with a baseline course greater than 2 years is greater than that of the baseline course less than or equal to 2 years RA patients.Part 3:Experimental Researchobjective The thesis is going to observe the effect of clearing away heat and activating blood circulation and its decomposed formulas on the serum TNF alpha and IL-6 in rats with rheumatoid arthritis,probe into the possible function of Clearing Heat and Activating Blood Recipe to delay bone destruction and the likely target of Jun Medicine and Chen Medicine(compositions of Clearing Heat and Activating Blood Recipe),and further explain the function basis of Clearing Heat and Activating Blood Recipe on RA bone protection.Methods The CIA rats model,set up the normal control group,model control group,the Methotrexate group,the treatment group of Heat Clearing and Activating Blood Recipe,the treatment group of Chlorogenic Acid(honeysuckle monomer),the treatment group of Astilbin(glabrous greenbrier rhizome monomer)and the treatment group of Tanshinone Ⅱ A(salvia miltiorrhiza monomer).6 rats in each treatment group.The level of TNF alpha and IL-6 in the rats’ serum have been compared and analyzed by Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay.Result1.The serum TNF alpha and IL-6 in the model group was significantly higher than that in the normal group(P<0.05).The Methotrexate group,the treatment group of Heat Clearing and Activating Blood Recipe,the treatment group of Honeysuckle Monomer,the treatment group of Glabrous Greenbrier Rhizome Monomer and the treatment group of Tanshinone Monomer can lower the concentration of TNF alpha and IL-6 in CIA rat serum.There is a significant difference between these groups and model groups(P<0.05),but no significant difference among these groups(P>0.05).2.The effect of lowering TNF-alpha and IL-6 in the treatment group of Heat Clearing and Activating Blood Recipe is better than that of its decomposed formulas.The effects of its decomposed formulas can be observed as follows:Honeysuckle Monomer>Glabrous Greenbrier Rhizome Monomer>Tanshinone Monomer.Conclusion1.Heat Clearing and Activating Blood Recipe and its decomposed formulas can lower the level of serum inflammatory factors TNF-alpha and IL-6 in the CIA model rats.2.Both Jun Medicine and Chen Medicine(the compositions of Heat Clearing and Activating Blood Recipe)can lower the levels of TNF-alpha and IL-6.In terms of the effect,the compound is greater than the respective decomposed parts.3.Combined with clinical research that long-term adherence to Heat Clearing and Activating Blood Recipe for patients with rheumatoid arthritis results in slower progress in radiological progression of long-term bone destruction.By the means of lowering the level of serum inflammatory factors TNF-alpha and IL-6,Heat Clearing and Activating Blood Recipe may participate in delaying the progression of bone destruction in the long term. Reset
a high percentage of RA patients have systemic mycoplasmal infections", per the US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health. Rheumatoid Arthritis Eliminators. @Marcin Grobelkiewicz For multiple studies and test results, go here: https://readhere.co/bacterial-connection-to-rheumatoid-arthritis-medical-research-reports/
Rosenow (1914) reported the outcome of culturing lymph nodes draining arthritic joints. Cultures were positive in 35 of 38 cases and the mixed bag of isolates comprised
- nonhaemolytic streptococci (14)
- 'anaerobic organisms resembling streptococci' (9),
- B. welchii (9),
- staphylococci (3),
- B. mucosus (1) and
- gonococcus (1).
If micro-organisms play an aetiological role in rheumatoid arthritis it seems likely that this will prove to be indirect and mediated through a disturbed immune response. Even if further work reveals that mycoplasma or diphtheroids are normal inhabitants of human tissue the possibility will remain that they are capable of initiating a harmful immune response in individuals constitutionally predisposed to rheumatoid arthritis. Indeed the theories of autoimmunity and of infection may not be incompatible.
(Dr Alan G S Hill, 1968 )
Isolation of diphtheroid bacilli from synovial membrane and fluid in rheumatoid arthritis. (S M Stewart, 1969)
Not supported
Corynebacterium acnes in rheumatoid arthritis. I. Isolation and antibody studies.
(L E Bartholomew , 1972)
Diphtheroids
Staphylococci were isolated almost as often as diphtheroids. Until better evidence is available diphtheroids isolated from pathological material should be considered as airborne contaminants.(H.A.L.Clasener, 1969)
Every time you take an antibiotic you don’t need, you contribute to the spread of antibiotic resistant bacteria, or “superbugs.” And another: At least 700,000 people worldwide die each year from an antibiotic-resistant illness. Without a tide-turning global response, that number could jump to 10 million by the year 2050, according to estimates from infectious disease specialists. Watch http://www.resistancethefilm.com/
|
|
|
|
Agafia. Hermit Surviving in Russian Wilderness for 70 years
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BFK3DJ7Kn6s
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BFK3DJ7Kn6s
|
http://www.smithsonianmag.com/videos/category/science/the-microbes-were-made-of/?no-ist
http://www.smithsonianmag.com/ist/?next=/science-nature/colonies-of-growing-bacteria-make-psychedelic-art-22351157/ Fourth World Summit “Gut Microbiota For Health” to be held in Barcelona (AGA - American Gastroenterological Association) |
|
Skin Flora
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skin_flora
Typical biofilm infections illustrated left.
Abstract
Biofilms cause chronic infections in tissues or by developing
on the surfaces of medical devices. Biofilm infections persist
despite both antibiotic therapy and the innate and adaptive
defence mechanisms of the patient. Biofilm infections are
characterized by persisting and progressive pathology due
primarily to the inflammatory response surrounding the
biofilm
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1198743X14000901
|
"As you know by now, chronic infections are composed of bacterial biofilms that can persist in or on our body for many years. But, as you may also know, biofilms are not constrained to chronic infections; they are present several places in the healthy human body and basically everywhere in our surroundings."
|
"The human body is composed of more
bacterial cells (10xs^)
than human cells living either in or on the body – these are described as the human microbiome. "bacterial genes account for 99% of the total number of genes in the human body. The majority of the microbiome is organized in biofilms and these are generally called commensal biofilms. The largest, most complex and most diverse part of the human microbiome is found in the digestive system, starting from the mouth over the stomach to the intestine. |
In each of these compartments, the bacteria have vital functions, protecting us from pathogens and facilitating nutrient generation and uptake. However imbalances and presence of specific organisms can also lead to unfavorable conditions: for example: on the teeth, bacterial activity may lead to caries, in the stomach specific
bacteria can elicit stomach ulcers and in the intestine, many enteropathogenic bacteria (tending to produce disease in the intestinal tract) can cause diarrhea and more severe diseases.
bacteria can elicit stomach ulcers and in the intestine, many enteropathogenic bacteria (tending to produce disease in the intestinal tract) can cause diarrhea and more severe diseases.
Before this time there had already been reports of babies who almost certainly had the disease.
In fact as far back as 1857 a passage in the 'Almanac of Children's Songs and Games from Switzerland' warned that 'the child will soon die whose brow tastes salty when kissed'. This idea would be proven in 1953 when Paul di Sant'Agnese revealed the increased salt content of sweat in people with cystic fibrosis.
http://www.cysticfibrosis.org.uk/about-cf/what-is-cystic-fibrosis/history-of-cf
Notes: Old Diseases become new http://www.kikeha.com/ Note: Bacteria on feet: http://www.medicaldaily.com/bigger-people-more-prone-mosquito-bites-247636
Biofilms in our body and those found in natural settings are often much higher than that in chronic infections. Because of the up to billions of years of coexistence in commensal and natural biofilm, the bacteria have adapted to each other, and niches with different physical and chemical conditions are present. A complex succession takes place during the formation of these biofilms, which includes specific or random bacterial settlement of early colonizers followed by secondary attachment and niche differentiation resulting in very diverse and heterogeneous biofilms at the structural, resource, functional and taxonomical levels.
More than 800 different bacterial strains inhabit the human skin. Four different bacterial phyla dominate: Actinobacteria, Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria. |
Regarding acnes these culture-independent methods indicated that the acne develops only when two other bacterial species are present in addition to Propionibacterium acne. One caveat with these investigations is that they were done in healthy individuals from developed countries with similar life-style and that the genomic techniques measure both alive and dead microbes.
Zinc deficiency is associated with impaired intestinal permeability and a global decrease in gastrointestinal health, alterations in the gut microbial ecology of the host under conditions of Zinc deficiency have yet to be studied. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4690049/
We demonstrate that Zn deficiency induces significant taxonomic alterations and decreases overall species richness and diversity, establishing a microbial profile resembling that of various other pathological states. ************************************************************************************** |
mode of delivery, diet, and environment, influence bacterial colonization of the infant
and may even start before birth through an internal transfer of maternal bacteria to the fetal digestive tract. But the mechanism for this pre-birth bacterial transfer remains to be substantiated. The transfer of bacteria from mother to child is a type of heritance of the maternal microbiota and factors, which determine the microbiome of pregnant mothers may, therefore, also influences whether the offspring will develop allergy or not.
|
As the population is increasing in the first days, they consume the oxygen in the infant gut, thus creating an anaerobic environment, favoring the growth of strictly anaerobic bacteria, including Bacte-roides,
Born Too Soon |
With time, more and more anaerobic species are able to establish and expand in the infant gut, thus replacing some of the facultative bacteria. Within the first year of life, and typically after the introduction of solid food, the microbial community generally stabilizes and resembles that of an adult with the majority of the microbial species belonging to the Firmicutes and Bacteriodetes found in Mature Guts. |
Conclusion: it has been shown that children delivered by cesarean section have a two-fold increased risk of developing asthma and other allergic diseases.
Other factors can also have an effect. Evidence suggests that consumption of probiotics and antibiotics
by mothers during pregnancy leads to specific changes in the gut bacteria in new borns.
Since probiotics and antibiotics have been shown to alter the composition of ... The first 1000 days
is considered as the most important period in any individual’s life; providing the foundation for health and
later development of illnesses, and the establishment of a natural and diverse gut microbiome seems to be a very important factor here.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Biofilm bacteria is focused on Pseudomonas aeruginosa mainly because this is the most thoroughly studied. |
|
Staphylococcusaureushuman naresatopic dermatitis, skin and soft tissue infectionsPropionibacteriumacneshuman skinacne, dandruff, psoriasis, blepharitis
Fungi Malasseziadermatis, furfur, globosa, japonica,obtusa, restricta, slooffiae, sympodialis, yamatoensishuman skinatopic dermatitis, tinea versicolor, psoria |
Open acces:
Restricted access but abstracts available:
The evolutionary perspectives of biofilms Open access:
- Mermel et al. - Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Intravascular Catheter-Related Infection: 2009 Update by the Infectious Diseases Society of America
- EWMA Document- Antimicrobials and non-healing wounds. Evidence, controversies and suggestions.
- Homøe et al. - Morphological evidence of biofilm formation in Greenlanders with chronic suppurative otitis media
- Homøe et al. - Mucosal biofilm detection in chronic otitis media: a study of middle ear biopsies from Greenlandic patients
- Hall-Stoodley et al. - Direct Detection of Bacterial Biofilms on the Middle-Ear Mucosa of Children With Chronic Otitis Media
- Osmon et al. - Diagnosis and Management of Prosthetic Joint Infection: Clinical Practice Guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of Americaa
Restricted access but abstracts available:
- Høiby et al. ESCMID guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of biofilm infections 2014
- Christensen et al. - Bacterial infection as a likely cause of adverse reactions to polyacrylamide hydrogel fillers in cosmetic surgery
- Christensen et al. - Adverse Reactions to Injectable Soft Tissue Permanent Fillers
- Christensen L. - Host Tissue Interaction, Fate, and Risks of Degradable and Nondegradable Gel Fillers
The evolutionary perspectives of biofilms Open access:
- Diggle et al. - Quorum-sensing and cheating in bacterial biofilms
- Diggle S. - Microbial communication and virulence: lessons from evolutionary theory
- Xavier & Foster - Cooperation and conflict in microbial biofilms
- Nadell, Xavier & Foster - The sociobiology of biofilms
- Jelsbak et al. - Genome Analysis of a Transmissible Lineage of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Reveals Pathoadaptive Mutations and Distinct Evolutionary Paths of Hypermutators
- Jelsbak et al. - Environmental Heterogeneity Drives Within-Host Diversification and Evolution of Pseudomonas aeruginosa
- Jelsbak et al. - Staphylococcus aureus Alters Growth Activity, Autolysis, and Antibiotic Tolerance in a Human Host-Adapted Pseudomonas aeruginosa Lineage
- West et al. - Social evolution theory for microorganisms
- Burmølle et al. - Biofilms in chronic infections – a matter of opportunity – monospecies biofilms in multispecies infections
- Burmølle et al. - Enhanced Biofilm Formation and Increased Resistance to Antimicrobial Agents and Bacterial Invasion Are Caused by Synergistic Interactions in Multispecies Biofilms
4 distinct organisms early in life during the critical window of microbial colonization: Lactobacillus, Allobaculum, Candidatus Arthromitus, and an unnamed member of the Rikenellaceae family, which may have important metabolic and immunological interactions.
Celiac disease
Celiac disease affects approximately 1% of the North American population, although it has been estimated that 83% of Americans with celiac disease are undiagnosed or misdiagnosed. According to the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, celiac disease is an immune disorder in which ingestion of gluten, a protein found in wheat, rye, and barley, triggers a series of responses that result in damage to the villi lining the small intestine, which are critical for absorption of nutrients. In addition to digestive symptoms (bloating, chronic diarrhea, constipation, nausea, and vomiting), celiac disease can lead to failure to thrive, slowed growth, and weight loss in children and anemia, bone or joint pain, depression, headaches, and fatigue in adults. Other potential environmental factors related to gluten sensitivity have been explored, such as the timing of exposure to foods containing gluten or breast milk versus formula feeding, but data are inconclusive to date.https://www.elsevier.com/about/press-releases/research-and-journals/gut-microorganisms-cause-gluten-induced-pathology-in-mouse-model-of-celiac-disease
EXAMPLE of an American Gut 101 - Human Microbiome of a 50 yr. old F with RA
Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Relative Abundance (%)
Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Relative Abundance (%)
Bacteria Bacteroidetes Bacteroidia Bacteroidales Bacteroidaceae Bacteroides 51.95 FALL
Bacteria Bacteroidetes Bacteroidia Bacteroidales Rikenellaceae --- 12.47
Bacteria Verrucomicrobia Verrucomicrobiae Verrucomicrobiales Verrucomicrobiaceae Akkermansia 7.05
Bacteria Firmicutes Clostridia Clostridiales Ruminococcaceae --- 6.58
Bacteria Firmicutes Clostridia Clostridiales Lachnospiraceae --- 5.01
Bacteria Bacteroidetes Bacteroidia Bacteroidales Rikenellaceae Alistipes 3.01
Bacteria Firmicutes Clostridia Clostridiales --- --- 2.32
Bacteria Firmicutes Clostridia Clostridiales Ruminococcaceae Ruminococcus 1.66
Bacteria Firmicutes Clostridia Clostridiales Lachnospiraceae Dorea 1.21
Bacteria Bacteroidetes Bacteroidia Bacteroidales Rikenellaceae --- 12.47
Bacteria Verrucomicrobia Verrucomicrobiae Verrucomicrobiales Verrucomicrobiaceae Akkermansia 7.05
Bacteria Firmicutes Clostridia Clostridiales Ruminococcaceae --- 6.58
Bacteria Firmicutes Clostridia Clostridiales Lachnospiraceae --- 5.01
Bacteria Bacteroidetes Bacteroidia Bacteroidales Rikenellaceae Alistipes 3.01
Bacteria Firmicutes Clostridia Clostridiales --- --- 2.32
Bacteria Firmicutes Clostridia Clostridiales Ruminococcaceae Ruminococcus 1.66
Bacteria Firmicutes Clostridia Clostridiales Lachnospiraceae Dorea 1.21
Note: Where there are blanks in the table below, the taxonomy could not be resolved in finer detail.
Note: The percentages listed represent the relative abundance of each taxon.
Note: The percentages listed represent the relative abundance of each taxon.
The common features of fecal metabolites postantibiotic treatment include
The integration of metabonomics and gut microbiota profiling provides important information on the changes of gut microbiota and their impact on fecal profiles during the recovery after antibiotic treatment. The correlation between gut microbiota and fecal metabolites provides important information on the function of bacteria, which in turn could be important in optimizing therapeutic strategies, and developing potential microbiota-based disease preventions and therapeutic interventions.http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/pr400263n
- decreased levels of short chain fatty acids (SCFAs), amino acids and primary bile acids and
- increased oligosaccharides, d-pinitol, choline and secondary bile acids (deoxycholic acid).
- Barnesiella, Prevotella, and Alistipes levels were shown to decrease as a result of the antibiotic treatment,
- whereas levels of Bacteroides, Enterococcus and Erysipelotrichaceae incertae sedis, and Mycoplasma increased after gentamicin and ceftriaxone treatment.
The integration of metabonomics and gut microbiota profiling provides important information on the changes of gut microbiota and their impact on fecal profiles during the recovery after antibiotic treatment. The correlation between gut microbiota and fecal metabolites provides important information on the function of bacteria, which in turn could be important in optimizing therapeutic strategies, and developing potential microbiota-based disease preventions and therapeutic interventions.http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/pr400263n
Leprosy
"Leprosy fell upon me like a divine scourge. "As my afflictions mounted one after the other, I sobbed, I cried out, I moaned in agony, even as I groped through the dark days of my illness, searching for a ray of light to guide me. But like those luminescent fish dwelling in the sunless depths of the sea, I would not have light until I illuminated myself from within . . . . "I was over 30 when I learned to write tanka and, as I reflected anew upon myself, other people and the world, I felt in my heart the beauty and the grandeur of existence. In poem after poem, I released years f bitter hardship, sometimes weeping, sometimes dancing for joy as I celebrated that spark of soul incarnate in my body. I gained such insight into the human condition that I became familiar with a love that exists apart from the bonds of flesh. "Only after I lost my sight did a vision of blue mountains and white clouds flare up within me. "Leprosy inspired a divine revelation." – Akashi Kaijin, poet, Japan, 1901 - 1939 http://www.idealeprosydignity.org/newsletter/vol8V1/IDEA%208V1%20Revised%203A.pdf |
Ode to the Ox
The Ox is strong and powerful like Hercules He never bullies those who are weaker and is always gentle. He is honest and straightforward. Grass is all he needs and he never desires more. He doesn't seek a high position, but commits himself to farming. He is never afraid of difficulty, just goes straight ahead with bravery. Chen Shi Yun, Handa/IDEA China |
Grievous bodily harm to children.
Canadian Public Health Association (CPHA)'s Immunization timeline:
https://www.cpha.ca/immunization-timeline Failed to mention in 1987 in Ontario Canada, a MMR vaccine produced by Smithkline Beecham called TRIVIRIX, caused Meningitis. That same month after the withdraw of the vaccine it was quickly licensed in the U.K.sold under a new name, PLUSERIX (fully aware it caused Meningitis) it was withdrawn 4 years latter.
|
VAXXED - The Vaccine and Autism Connection Exposed
https://www.real.video/5817873555001 BC Songsmith Published:Aug 2018 CDC whistle-blower Dr. William Thompson discloses hidden files from the agency’s 2004 study on the Measles-Mumps-Rubella (MMR) vaccine and its link to autism. Parents of autistic and vaccine-damaged children share their experiences. Tags andrew wakefield, autism, center for disease creation, congressman bill posey, dr. brian hooker, dr. coleen boyle, dr. william thompson, fraud at the cdc, freedom of information act, medical cover-up, vaccination, vaccines, whistle-blower |
Endocarditis
In endocarditis, vegetations—or clusters of microbes and human fibrin and platelets—amass on heart valves. They fling back and forth as the valve opens and closes. These vegetations can affect blood flow. They can break away and hurtle towards other parts of the body. This can mean harming the brain and lungs. These vegetations are made up of a motley collection of platelets, fibrin, and the bacteria (or fungi) causing the infection. They can grow larger and larger until proper treatment is started.
|
Doesn't Rheumatic Fever Cause Heart Problems? Yes, indeed. Rheumatic fever can cause inflammation throughout the heart, but as the disease persists there is fibrosis of the valve, which can cause it to become too tight or floppy (stenosis or regurgitation). It is caused by Group A strep infections.
When It's Non-Infectious It can also be non-infectious. Sometimes this can be associated with rheumatologic and autoimmune disorders. |
Photodynamic inactivation of bacteria
It has been known since the first days of PDT, early in the last century, that certain microorganisms can be killed by the combination of dyes and light in vitro.24–26 Throughout the years since those times there have been additional reports of bacteria being killed or inactivated by various combinations of PS and light (see Table 1 for a representative selection).
Source:
Photodynamic therapy: a new antimicrobial approach to infectious disease?
M. R. Hamblin and Tayyaba Hasan
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3071049/
Source:
Photodynamic therapy: a new antimicrobial approach to infectious disease?
M. R. Hamblin and Tayyaba Hasan
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3071049/
Predisposition for Diseases
People give information from the odours of the body. through a machine... is registered.
And the odours we need is the odour of the mouth...
the odour of the perspiration, the odour of the urine...
and the odour of the stool.
These four odours, being digitalized, create the profile of that person.
People give information from the odours of the body. through a machine... is registered.
And the odours we need is the odour of the mouth...
the odour of the perspiration, the odour of the urine...
and the odour of the stool.
These four odours, being digitalized, create the profile of that person.
Immune System, Part 1: Crash Course
|
|
Chinese were way ahead of us, two and a half thousand years ago they were giving people yellow soup to drink to keep them healthy (poop soup). Vets have been using stool for a couple hundred years by transferring stool from one animal to another to keep it healthy. Stool transfer was first tested in humans in 1958. It was given to four patients there were near death from a type of colitis. It cured all four patients and then since the C-difficile experiment, Scientists have treated over 500 patients, no side effects whatsoever and success rate is incredibly high and it's stable so as far as five years out you know these people are still free of Clostridium. |
Gonorrhea: The Emerging Threat of Untreatable Gonococcal Infection
Neisseria gonorrhoeae has always readily developed resistance to antimicrobial agents: it became resistant to sulfanilamide in the 1940s, penicillins and tetracyclines in the 1980s, and fluoroquinolones by 2007.1
Gonorrhea remains the second most common reportable bacterial sexually transmitted disease with an estimated 700,000 new cases annually in the United Statesy.2
Gonorrhea remains the second most common reportable bacterial sexually transmitted disease with an estimated 700,000 new cases annually in the United Statesy.2