Rubella Rubivirus
Unimmunized, exposure to infected individuals or endemic country Self-limited illness of low-grade fever and mild rash for 1-3 days - Rubivirus infection results in a mild illness, commonly referred to as “German Measles” or “3-day measles.” Rubella presents with a mild prodrome (low-grade fever) followed by the development of faint pink to red macules and papules on the face spreading to the trunk and extremities. The rash typically only lasts 1-3 days. Complications: - Adults exposed to rubella commonly develop a post-viral arthritis. - Further, infection during pegnancy leads to congenital rubella syndrome. This syndrome occurs during the viremic phase with spread to the placenta and then the fetus. Pregnancy complications include fetal death and premature delivery. Live-born infants have hearing loss, heart defects, microcephaly, cataracts and intellectual disability 8 Amazing Natural Cures For Rubella JANHVI JOHOREY https://www.searchherbalremedy.com/8-amazing-natural-cures-for-rubella/
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Morbilliform ("maculopapular")
- Erythematous macules and papules
- Resembles a measles rash
Drug eruptions, viral exanthems, scarlet fever, staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome and toxic shock syndrome commonly result in this appearance.
Measles
Measles
Morbillivirus
- spreads via airborne transmission, it is highly contagious illness spreading easily in public places. After the prodrome, patients develop the three Cs of measles (cough, coryza and conjunctivitis), an enanthem, and the classic morbilliform rash. Koplik’s spots, the enanthem, is visible on the buccal mucosa, appearing as 1-3 mm, white to gray elevations on an erythematous base
Unimmunized, exposure to infected individuals or endemic country
Young children and immunosuppressed individuals are at risk for complications. Viremia can disseminate the virus to the pulmonary and neurologic systems. Pneumonia is the most common cause of death in measles infected patients. Measles encephalitis can be rapidly progressive, leading to either death of neurologic sequelae (blindness, deafness). Although rare, subsacute sclerosing panencephalitis, a fatal, progressive degenerating disease can develop after a measles infection.
Morbillivirus
- spreads via airborne transmission, it is highly contagious illness spreading easily in public places. After the prodrome, patients develop the three Cs of measles (cough, coryza and conjunctivitis), an enanthem, and the classic morbilliform rash. Koplik’s spots, the enanthem, is visible on the buccal mucosa, appearing as 1-3 mm, white to gray elevations on an erythematous base
Unimmunized, exposure to infected individuals or endemic country
Young children and immunosuppressed individuals are at risk for complications. Viremia can disseminate the virus to the pulmonary and neurologic systems. Pneumonia is the most common cause of death in measles infected patients. Measles encephalitis can be rapidly progressive, leading to either death of neurologic sequelae (blindness, deafness). Although rare, subsacute sclerosing panencephalitis, a fatal, progressive degenerating disease can develop after a measles infection.
Viral Exanthem
most common childhood skin diseases as virtually all children will develop one at some point during childhood. Although almost any virus may cause a rash, several viruses are associated with distinct exanthems.
Once a virus gains entry into the respiratory tract (most viruses) or gastrointestinal tract (some enteroviruses), a viremic phase occurs that allows viral dissemination to the skin. Most patients present with a prodrome of fever and constitutional symptoms (malaise, anorexia, headache, coryza, cough, vomiting and/or diarrhea) followed by a generalized eruption of erythematous macules and papules.
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